A coating apparatus includes a material-supply device configured to supply a precursor and a reactant, a distribution device connected to the material-supply device, and a reactor connected to the distribution device. The distribution device is configured to distribute the precursor and the reactant into the reactor.

A system, apparatus and method are provided for processing articles. The system includes subsystems for synthesizing, pre-treating, conducting a vapor phase coating process and post-treating articles in the form of powders and solid or porous workpieces. The apparatus permits vapor phase synthesis, treatment and deposition processes to be performed with high efficiency and at high overall throughput. The methods include converting solids, liquids or gases into gaseous and solid streams that can be separated or exchanged with or without treatment and/or coating steps, and produce optimized composite articles for specific applications.

A system, apparatus and method are provided for processing articles. The system includes subsystems for synthesizing, pre-treating, conducting a vapor phase coating process and post-treating articles in the form of powders and solid or porous workpieces. The apparatus permits vapor phase synthesis, treatment and deposition processes to be performed with high efficiency and at high overall throughput. The methods include converting solids, liquids or gases into gaseous and solid streams that can be separated or exchanged with or without treatment and/or coating steps, and produce optimized composite articles for specific applications.

A method for producing a catalyst for a fuel cell comprising: a) injecting carbon particles into a fluidized bed reactor; b) evacuating the fluidized bed reactor to form a base pressure; c) introducing a catalytic metal precursor together with a carrier gas into the fluidized bed reactor to contact the catalytic metal precursor with the carbon particles; d d) purging a purge gas into the fluidized bed reactor; e) introducing a reaction gas into the fluidized bed reactor to attach the catalytic metal precursor to the carbon particles; and f) purging a purge gas into the fluidized bed reactor, wherein, the catalytic metal is attached to the carbon particles in a form of nano-sized spot.

A reactor includes a plasma duct; a gas inlet, at a distal end of the plasma duct, for receiving a gas; a gas outlet at a proximal end of the plasma duct for removing a portion of the gas to generate a gas flow through the plasma duct; a separating baffle positioned between the plasma duct and the gas outlet for restricting gas flow to maintain high pressure in the plasma duct; a shielded cathodic arc source positioned in a cathode chamber at the proximal end; a remote anode, positioned in the plasma duct, for holding a substrate and cooperating with the cathodic arc source to generate an electron flow opposite the gas flow, to initiate a plasma discharge perpendicular to the remote anode at least in vicinity of the remote anode and deposit ions of the plasma discharge on the substrate to form a diamond coating.

A reactor includes a plasma duct; a gas inlet, at a distal end of the plasma duct, for receiving a gas; a gas outlet at a proximal end of the plasma duct for removing a portion of the gas to generate a gas flow through the plasma duct; a separating baffle positioned between the plasma duct and the gas outlet for restricting gas flow to maintain high pressure in the plasma duct; a shielded cathodic arc source positioned in a cathode chamber at the proximal end; a remote anode, positioned in the plasma duct, for holding a substrate and cooperating with the cathodic arc source to generate an electron flow opposite the gas flow, to initiate a plasma discharge perpendicular to the remote anode at least in vicinity of the remote anode and deposit ions of the plasma discharge on the substrate to form a diamond coating.

The invention provides a method for dispersing particles within a reaction field, the method comprising confining the particles to the reaction field using a standing wave. The invention also provides a system for coating particles, the system comprising a reaction zone; a means for producing fluidized particles within the reaction zone; a fluid to produce a standing wave within the reaction zone; and a means for introducing coating moieties to the reaction zone. The invention also provides a method for coating particles, the method comprising fluidizing the particles, subjecting the particles to a standing wave; and contacting the subjected particles with a coating moiety.

A nanoparticle having a solid core comprising a biologically active substance, said core being enclosed by an inorganic coating, a method for preparing the nanoparticle, and the use of the nanoparticle in therapy. A kit comprising the nanoparticle and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the nanoparticle.

Various embodiments include a material for a lithium ion accumulator comprising: a surface including electrically conductive particles coated with a functional layer providing a cathodic or anodic function for the lithium ion accumulator. The conductive particles comprise microparticles and/or nanoparticles.

An apparatus and method for processing particulate matter by exposing the particulate matter to successive surface reactions of at least a first and a second gaseous precursor according to the principles of atomic layer deposition. The apparatus includes a vacuum chamber, a reaction chamber for particulate matter, wherein the reaction chamber is provided inside the vacuum chamber, a vibration mechanism for vibrating particulate matter inside the reaction chamber; and a precursor system arranged to supply the at least first and second gaseous precursors through the reaction chamber for subjecting the particulate matter to the at least first and second gaseous precursors. The method includes the steps of supplying the at least first and second gaseous precursors through the reaction chamber for subjecting the particulate matter to the at least first and second gaseous precursors, and vibrating particulate matter inside the reaction chamber.