A reactor for coating particles includes one or more motors, a rotary vacuum chamber configured to hold particles to be coated, wherein the rotary vacuum chamber is coupled to the motors, a controller configured to cause the motors to rotate the rotary vacuum chamber about an axial axis of the rotary vacuum chamber such that the particles undergo tumbling agitation, a vacuum port to exhaust gas from the rotary vacuum chamber, a paddle assembly including a rotatable drive shaft extending through the rotary vacuum chamber and coupled to the motors and at least one paddle extending radially from the drive shaft, such that rotation of the drive shaft by the motors orbits the paddle about the drive shaft in a second direction, and a chemical delivery system including a gas outlet on the paddle configured inject process gas into the particles.

A reactor for coating particles includes one or more motors, a rotary vacuum chamber configured to hold particles to be coated and coupled to the motors, a controller configured to cause the motors to rotate the chamber in a first direction about an axial axis at a rotation speed sufficient to force the particles to be centrifuged against an inner diameter of the chamber, a vacuum port to exhaust gas from the rotary vacuum chamber, a paddle assembly including a rotatable drive shaft extending through the chamber and coupled to the motors and at least one paddle extending radially from the drive shaft, such that rotation of the drive shaft by the motors orbits the paddle about the drive shaft in a second direction, and a chemical delivery system including a gas outlet on the paddle configured inject process gas into the particles.

A reactor for coating particles includes one or more motors, a rotary vacuum chamber configured to hold particles to be coated and coupled to the motors, a controller configured to cause the motors to rotate the chamber in a first direction about an axial axis at a rotation speed sufficient to force the particles to be centrifuged against an inner diameter of the chamber, a vacuum port to exhaust gas from the rotary vacuum chamber, a paddle assembly including a rotatable drive shaft extending through the chamber and coupled to the motors and at least one paddle extending radially from the drive shaft, such that rotation of the drive shaft by the motors orbits the paddle about the drive shaft in a second direction, and a chemical delivery system including a gas outlet on the paddle configured inject process gas into the particles.

A particle including a core particle; and a vapor deposited colorant including an organic colored material that encapsulates the core particle. The particle can be a special effect pigment or a thin film interference pigment. Methods of making the particle are also disclosed.

A particle including a core particle; and a vapor deposited colorant including an organic colored material that encapsulates the core particle. The particle can be a special effect pigment or a thin film interference pigment. Methods of making the particle are also disclosed.

The invention includes apparatus and methods for instantiating and quantum printing materials, such as elemental metals, in a nanoporous carbon powder.

The present invention relates to the field of coatings on high-energy materials, devices or products that comprise the coated high-energy materials, functional coating materials and methods for producing and using the same. In particular, the present invention relates to energetic materials having initiated release coatings to improve the performance and shelf-life of the devices, products and/or raw materials, suitable for use as energetics or propellants for munitions, rockets, pyrotechnics, flares or other devices or components.

An atomic layer deposition (ALD) method in an ALD reactor including a reaction chamber housing a substrate vessel, and an isolated vibration source outside of the reaction chamber or isolated within the reaction chamber. Particulate material within the substrate vessel is coated by self-saturating surface reactions using a top-to-bottom precursor flow passing through the substrate vessel, and movements are caused in the particulate material within the substrate vessel by the isolated vibration source while coating the particulate material.

A coated phosphor comprises: phosphor particles comprised of a phosphor with composition MSe.sub.1xS.sub.x:Eu, wherein M is at least one of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and Zn and 0<x<1.0; and a coating on individual ones of the phosphor particles, the coating comprising a layer of oxide material encapsulating the individual phosphor particles; wherein the coated phosphor is configured such that under excitation by a blue LED the reduction in photoluminescent intensity at the peak emission wavelength after 1,000 hours of aging at about 85 C. and about 85% relative humidity is no greater than about 15%; and wherein the coated phosphor is configured such that the change in chromaticity coordinates CIE(x), x, after 1,000 hours of aging at about 85 C. and about 85% relative humidity is less than or equal to about 510.sup.3.

A coated phosphor comprises: phosphor particles comprised of a phosphor with composition MSe.sub.1xS.sub.x:Eu, wherein M is at least one of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and Zn and 0<x<1.0; and a coating on individual ones of the phosphor particles, the coating comprising a layer of oxide material encapsulating the individual phosphor particles; wherein the coated phosphor is configured such that under excitation by a blue LED the reduction in photoluminescent intensity at the peak emission wavelength after 1,000 hours of aging at about 85 C. and about 85% relative humidity is no greater than about 15%; and wherein the coated phosphor is configured such that the change in chromaticity coordinates CIE(x), x, after 1,000 hours of aging at about 85 C. and about 85% relative humidity is less than or equal to about 510.sup.3.