A surface-treated steel material having cut edge corrosion resistance that is equal to or more than that of a chromate treatment without use of hexavalent chromium. The surface-treated steel material includes a coating film formed on a surface of a steel material through a plating layer that is obtained by immersing the steel material in a galvalume bath containing Mg. The coating film is formed using a coating composition containing a coating film-forming resin, a cross-linking agent, a predetermined vanadium compound, and trimagnesium phosphate; the vanadium compound is a compound satisfying a predetermined electrical conductivity; the content of the vanadium compound is restricted to a predetermined amount; the vanadium compound satisfies a predetermined pH; and the content of the trimagnesium phosphate is a predetermined amount.

The object of the invention is to provide a surface-treated steel sheet having a coating having fine adhesiveness to an adhesive on the surface and having excellent corrosion resistance, and a production method thereof. Provided is a surface-treated steel sheet including: a steel sheet; a plated layer containing zinc on the steel sheet; and a coating on the plated layer, wherein the coating contains an acrylic resin, zirconium, vanadium, phosphorus and cobalt, and the acrylic resin has an area ratio of 80 to 100 area % in an area from a surface to a thickness of one-fifth of a film thickness of the coating, and an area ratio of 5 to 50 area % in an area including areas from the film thickness center of the coating to a thickness of one-tenth of the film thickness toward the surface side and toward the plated layer side.

The object of the invention is to provide a surface-treated steel sheet having a coating having fine adhesiveness to an adhesive on the surface and having excellent corrosion resistance, and a production method thereof. Provided is a surface-treated steel sheet including: a steel sheet; a plated layer containing zinc on the steel sheet; and a coating on the plated layer, wherein the coating contains an acrylic resin, zirconium, vanadium, phosphorus and cobalt, and the acrylic resin has an area ratio of 80 to 100 area % in an area from a surface to a thickness of one-fifth of a film thickness of the coating, and an area ratio of 5 to 50 area % in an area including areas from the film thickness center of the coating to a thickness of one-tenth of the film thickness toward the surface side and toward the plated layer side.

The objective of the present invention is to provide a hydrophilic metal surface treatment agent by which a water-repellent property can be given to a metal surface with suppressing a corrosion and a discolorment of the metal, a method for treating a surface of a metal by using the hydrophilic metal surface treatment agent, a synthetic intermediate compound of a branched glycerol derivative as an active ingredient of the hydrophilic metal surface treatment agent, and a method for efficiently producing the synthetic intermediate compound. The hydrophilic metal surface treatment agent of the present invention is characterized in comprising the branched glycerol derivative represented by the following formula (I) as an active ingredient.

##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1 is a hydrocarbon group having a carbon number of 10 or more and 30 or less, X is S or a carbonyl group, Y is an n +1 valent linker group, n is an integer of 1 or more and 5 or less.

An object of the present invention is to provide a laminate having high scratch resistance, weather fastness and solvent resistance, and capable of achieving both light-transmitting properties and metallic luster. The laminate includes a metal foil having a plurality of through-holes that pass through in a thickness direction; and a protective layer provided on at least one surface of the metal foil, in which the protective layer contains a metal oxide, the metal foil has an average opening diameter of the through-holes of 0.1 μm to 100 μm and an average opening ratio, which is determined by the through-holes, of 0.1% to 90%, and the protective layer has a light transmittance of 10% or more.

A negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery including a lithium metal layer and a protective layer including a three-dimensional structural body made of metal and lithium nitride on the lithium metal layer. The protective layer induces uniform ionic conductivity and electrical conductivity on the surface of the negative electrode. A method for manufacturing method a negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery including the steps of forming a metal hydroxide having a three-dimensional structure, forming a metal nitride having a three-dimensional structure by a nitridation reaction of the metal hydroxide of the three-dimensional structure; and transferring the metal nitride having the three-dimensional structure onto a lithium metal layer to form a protective layer. A lithium secondary battery including the negative electrode for a lithium secondary battery.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a surface treatment composition and methods for using same. The composition for removing contaminants from a metallic surface, can include 3 wt % to 40 wt % of at least one bifunctional alkaline compound, 0.03 wt % to 10 wt % of at least one oxidizer comprising a metal salt, and water, where all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the composition.

The objective of the present invention is to provide a hydrophilic metal surface treatment agent by which a water-repellent property can be given to a metal surface with suppressing a corrosion and a discolorment of the metal, a method for treating a surface of a metal by using the hydrophilic metal surface treatment agent, a synthetic intermediate compound of a branched glycerol derivative as an active ingredient of the hydrophilic metal surface treatment agent, and a method for efficiently producing the synthetic intermediate compound. The hydrophilic metal surface treatment agent of the present invention is characterized in comprising the branched glycerol derivative represented by the following formula (I) as an active ingredient. ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 is a hydrocarbon group having a carbon number of 10 or more and 30 or less, X is S or a carbonyl group, Y is an n+1 valent linker group, n is an integer of 1 or more and 5 or less.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a surface treatment composition and methods for using same. The composition for removing contaminants from a metallic surface, can include 3 wt % to 40 wt % of at least one bifunctional alkaline compound, 0.03 wt % to 10 wt % of at least one oxidizer comprising a metal salt, and water, where all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the composition.

An object of the present invention is to provide a treatment liquid and a treatment method that are capable of enhancing the corrosion resistance of a net material. This object is achieved by, after forming a chemical conversion treatment film on the surface of a metal material, forming a film using a film-forming treatment liquid, the treatment liquid comprising: a silicon compound containing at least one member selected from the group consisting of alkoxysilyl, alkoxysilylene, and a siloxane bond; an organometallic compound; and water.