A shaped charge liner may include an apex portion and a skirt portion extending from the apex portion. The skirt portion may include a body connected to the apex portion, a perimeter spaced apart from the apex portion, and a carbide layer extending between and spaced apart from the perimeter and the apex portion. A shaped charge for creating a perforation hole in a wellbore casing may include a shaped charge liner having at least one material having hardness that is greater than a corresponding hardness of the wellbore casing. The at least one material is configured to bond to at least one of an outer surface and an inner surface of the perforation hole upon detonation of the shaped charge and penetration of the casing by a perforation jet.

[Problem] Provided are a metal material including a passive film on a surface and having corrosion resistance while having a small contact resistance, and a method for producing the metal material. Examples of the metal material include a material that is preferable as a material of a separator and a current collector plate in a fuel cell.

[Solution] Conductive particles 3 are embedded in and caused to adhere to a metal substrate 1 including, on a surface thereof, a passive film 2, in a state where the conductive particles 3 penetrate the passive film 2 in a thickness direction, and the surface of the metal substrate is covered with a coating film having conductivity and corrosion resistance. To cause the conductive particles to adhere in such a manner, the conductive particles 3 may be scattered on the metal substrate 1 on which the passive film 2 is formed, and the conductive particles 3 may be pushed into the surface of the metal substrate 1 by pressing with a roll or the like.

[Problem] Provided are a metal material including a passive film on a surface and having corrosion resistance while having a small contact resistance, and a method for producing the metal material. Examples of the metal material include a material that is preferable as a material of a separator and a current collector plate in a fuel cell.

[Solution] Conductive particles 3 are embedded in and caused to adhere to a metal substrate 1 including, on a surface thereof, a passive film 2, in a state where the conductive particles 3 penetrate the passive film 2 in a thickness direction, and the surface of the metal substrate is covered with a coating film having conductivity and corrosion resistance. To cause the conductive particles to adhere in such a manner, the conductive particles 3 may be scattered on the metal substrate 1 on which the passive film 2 is formed, and the conductive particles 3 may be pushed into the surface of the metal substrate 1 by pressing with a roll or the like.

A diffusion barrier coating on a nickel-based alloy substrate comprising the diffusion barrier being coupled to the substrate between the substrate and a composite material opposite the substrate, wherein the diffusion barrier comprises a nickel cobalt and chromium-aluminum-yttria powder material.

A cutting tool has a substrate of cemented carbide including WC and a binder phase. The cutting tool has a gradient surface zone with a thickness of between 50-400 μm having a binder phase gradient with the lowest binder phase content in the outermost part of the gradient surface zone and wherein the cutting tool also includes free graphite. The present disclosure also relates to a method of making a cutting tool according to the above. The cemented carbide body shows improved resistance towards chemical wear when used for machining non-ferrous alloys such as Ti-alloys and Ni-based alloys.

A cutting tool has a substrate of cemented carbide including WC and a binder phase. The cutting tool has a gradient surface zone with a thickness of between 50-400 μm having a binder phase gradient with the lowest binder phase content in the outermost part of the gradient surface zone and wherein the cutting tool also includes free graphite. The present disclosure also relates to a method of making a cutting tool according to the above. The cemented carbide body shows improved resistance towards chemical wear when used for machining non-ferrous alloys such as Ti-alloys and Ni-based alloys.

The present invention relates to a method for producing an abrasion-resistant coating on surface of a 3D printed titanium alloy component, which belongs to the field of surface modification. The method comprises using spherical TC4 titanium alloy powder as a base material and adopting selective laser melting (SLM) technology to manufacture a 3D printed titanium alloy component in a layer-by-layer stacking manner, using graphene oxide to perform friction-induction treatment, and making the graphene oxide infiltrate into the surface of the TC4 titanium alloy component to obtain a graphene oxide surface coating. The goal of improving the friction and wear performance of the TC4 titanium alloy printed components is achieved. The preparation method is simple, and the steps are easy to operate. Introducing the graphene oxide is beneficial to reduce the generation of wear debris during the friction and wear processes and improve tribological characteristics of the base material.

A process of fabricating a shield, a process of preparing a component, and an erosion shield are disclosed. The process of fabricating the shield includes forming a near-net shape shield. The near-net shape shield includes a nickel-based layer and an erosion-resistant alloy layer. The nickel-based layer is configured to facilitate secure attachment of the near-net shaped to a component. The process of preparing the component includes securing a near-net shape shield to a substrate of a component.

A process of fabricating a shield, a process of preparing a component, and an erosion shield are disclosed. The process of fabricating the shield includes forming a near-net shape shield. The near-net shape shield includes a nickel-based layer and an erosion-resistant alloy layer. The nickel-based layer is configured to facilitate secure attachment of the near-net shaped to a component. The process of preparing the component includes securing a near-net shape shield to a substrate of a component.

The disclosure relates to a method of conducting a coiled tubing operation. In one implementation, a method includes forming a tubing string, the tubing string having an outer surface. The method also includes applying a coating to an application portion of the outer surface of the tubing string. The application portion includes a portion of the tubing string that will be disposed in a horizontal section of a wellbore, and the coating has a surface energy lower than a surface energy of the outer surface of the tubing string to thereby reduce friction between the tubing string and a casing disposed in the horizontal section of the wellbore as the tubing string is lowered into the wellbore.