A cleaning solution is provided which can effectively clean and remove bacteria from a coffee maker. The cleaning solution can comprise from about 0.04 weight percent to about 0.06 weight percent hypochlorous acid, with the balance being electrolyzed oxygenated water, and wherein the cleaning solution has a pH of from about 6.1 to about 7.2. There is also provided a method of cleaning a coffee maker and dispenser therefore. The method comprises providing at least 16 fluid ounces of the cleaning solution into a reservoir of a substantially empty coffee maker, starting a brew cycle on the coffee maker, and then optionally flushing the coffee maker with water.

A cleaning solution is provided which can effectively clean and remove bacteria from a coffee maker. The cleaning solution can comprise from about 0.04 weight percent to about 0.06 weight percent hypochlorous acid, with the balance being electrolyzed oxygenated water, and wherein the cleaning solution has a pH of from about 6.1 to about 7.2. There is also provided a method of cleaning a coffee maker and dispenser therefore. The method comprises providing at least 16 fluid ounces of the cleaning solution into a reservoir of a substantially empty coffee maker, starting a brew cycle on the coffee maker, and then optionally flushing the coffee maker with water.

An electrolytic cell includes a liquid metal cathode, an anode, and a molten salt electrolyte in contact with the liquid metal cathode and the anode. The molten salt electrolyte includes carbonate ions, and the electrolytic cell is configured to reduce the carbonate ions at the surface of the cathode or in the vicinity of the cathode to yield a carbon material and oxide ions. Producing a carbon material in the electrolytic cell includes providing carbonate ions to the electrolytic cell, reducing the carbonate ions at the liquid metal cathode to yield the carbon material, and removing the carbon material from the electrolytic cell.

An electrolytic cell includes a liquid metal cathode, an anode, and a molten salt electrolyte in contact with the liquid metal cathode and the anode. The molten salt electrolyte includes carbonate ions, and the electrolytic cell is configured to reduce the carbonate ions at the surface of the cathode or in the vicinity of the cathode to yield a carbon material and oxide ions. Producing a carbon material in the electrolytic cell includes providing carbonate ions to the electrolytic cell, reducing the carbonate ions at the liquid metal cathode to yield the carbon material, and removing the carbon material from the electrolytic cell.

Provided are methods for recovering calcium carbonate (CaCO.sub.3) and magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH).sub.2) from an aqueous solution containing Ca.sup.2+ and Mg.sup.2+ ions. The method includes: introducing the aqueous solution into an electrochemical cell having a chamber with a photoactive cathode and an anode therein; and then performing process (a) and process (b). Process (a) entails introducing a source of (bi) carbonate anion into the cell, providing a voltage across the cell, resulting in a process (a) water reduction reaction at the cathode, and precipitating solid CaCO.sub.3 from the solution, facilitated by hydroxide ions generated from the process (a) water reduction reaction. Process (b) entails providing a voltage across the cell, resulting in a process (b) water reduction reaction at the cathode, and precipitating solid Mg(OH).sub.2 from the solution, facilitated by hydroxide ions generated from the process (b) water reduction reaction.

Provided are methods for recovering calcium carbonate (CaCO.sub.3) and magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH).sub.2) from an aqueous solution containing Ca.sup.2+ and Mg.sup.2+ ions. The method includes: introducing the aqueous solution into an electrochemical cell having a chamber with a photoactive cathode and an anode therein; and then performing process (a) and process (b). Process (a) entails introducing a source of (bi) carbonate anion into the cell, providing a voltage across the cell, resulting in a process (a) water reduction reaction at the cathode, and precipitating solid CaCO.sub.3 from the solution, facilitated by hydroxide ions generated from the process (a) water reduction reaction. Process (b) entails providing a voltage across the cell, resulting in a process (b) water reduction reaction at the cathode, and precipitating solid Mg(OH).sub.2 from the solution, facilitated by hydroxide ions generated from the process (b) water reduction reaction.

The present invention relates to a method to produce calcium rich-based aggregates by electrodeposition in salty aqueous CO.sub.2 enriched solutions, that can be used in the construction industry. The method includes filtering an aqueous salty solution to produce an aqueous salty solution free of organic debris or pollutants, adjusting a temperature and pH in a conditioning reactor CR1 to produce an aqueous salty solution, bringing the aqueous salty solution from CR1 to a continuous reactor CR2 equipped with an electroactive substrate comprising at least one cathode and at least one anode connected to an electrical DC supply, injecting in CR2 a flux of a gas mixture containing CO.sub.2 (C-gas) in contact with the flux of the aqueous solution, applying to the flux of the CO.sub.2-enriched aqueous solution a constant DC current, and recovering the calcium rich-based aggregates deposited on the electroactive substrate and/or on the bottom of CR2.

The present invention relates to a method to produce calcium rich-based aggregates by electrodeposition in salty aqueous CO.sub.2 enriched solutions, that can be used in the construction industry. The method includes filtering an aqueous salty solution to produce an aqueous salty solution free of organic debris or pollutants, adjusting a temperature and pH in a conditioning reactor CR1 to produce an aqueous salty solution, bringing the aqueous salty solution from CR1 to a continuous reactor CR2 equipped with an electroactive substrate comprising at least one cathode and at least one anode connected to an electrical DC supply, injecting in CR2 a flux of a gas mixture containing CO.sub.2 (C-gas) in contact with the flux of the aqueous solution, applying to the flux of the CO.sub.2-enriched aqueous solution a constant DC current, and recovering the calcium rich-based aggregates deposited on the electroactive substrate and/or on the bottom of CR2.

A carbon dioxide fixation method includes: immersing a magnesium alloy in an aqueous solvent; blowing carbon dioxide-containing gas into the aqueous solvent; and electrically energizing and thereby subjecting the aqueous solvent to electrolysis treatment so as to produce precipitates containing magnesium carbonate. The method can be carried out in a system having: a treating bath for storing a magnesium alloy and an aqueous solvent to treat a magnesium alloy in which the magnesium alloy is treated, a gas-introducing unit for blowing carbon dioxide-containing gas into the aqueous solvent, a pair of electrodes for applying voltage to the aqueous solvent so as to conduct electrolysis treatment, and a power control unit connected to the electrodes.

A carbon dioxide fixation method includes: immersing a magnesium alloy in an aqueous solvent; blowing carbon dioxide-containing gas into the aqueous solvent; and electrically energizing and thereby subjecting the aqueous solvent to electrolysis treatment so as to produce precipitates containing magnesium carbonate. The method can be carried out in a system having: a treating bath for storing a magnesium alloy and an aqueous solvent to treat a magnesium alloy in which the magnesium alloy is treated, a gas-introducing unit for blowing carbon dioxide-containing gas into the aqueous solvent, a pair of electrodes for applying voltage to the aqueous solvent so as to conduct electrolysis treatment, and a power control unit connected to the electrodes.