A chemically amplified photosensitive composition used for forming a patterned resist film by photolithography on a metal surface of a substrate which at least partly has a surface consisting of metal. The composition includes an acid generator which generates an acid by irradiation of active rays or radioactive rays; and a compound and/or a precursor compound, in which the molar absorption coefficient ε at a wavelength of 365 nm of the compound is at least 3000, the compound has a metal coordination group, and the compound can be formed from the precursor compound during formation of the patterned resist film.

A chemically amplified photosensitive composition used for forming a patterned resist film by photolithography on a metal surface of a substrate which at least partly has a surface consisting of metal. The composition includes an acid generator which generates an acid by irradiation of active rays or radioactive rays; and a compound and/or a precursor compound, in which the molar absorption coefficient ε at a wavelength of 365 nm of the compound is at least 3000, the compound has a metal coordination group, and the compound can be formed from the precursor compound during formation of the patterned resist film.

A gas exchange valve for an internal combustion engine may include a valve stem and a wear resistance improving functional layer. The valve stem may extend in an axial direction and may transition into a valve plate in the axial direction. The functional layer may include nickel and tungsten. The functional layer may be arranged in a coating area on an outer circumference of the valve stem and may at least partially define a sliding surface.

A metal film-coated molded resin article includes: a molded article formed of a polybutylene terephthalate-based resin composition and/or a polycarbonate-based resin composition; and a metal film disposed on a surface of the molded article, wherein the resin composition(s) contain(s) a reactive compound and/or a resin having a reactive functional group. A metal film-coated molded resin article includes: a molded article formed of a polybutylene terephthalate-based resin composition; and a metal film disposed on a surface of the molded article, wherein the peel strength of the metal film measured under the adhesion test described in appendix 1 (specifications) of JIS H8630:2006 is ≥9.0 N/cm. A metal film-coated molded resin article may include a metal film excellent in adhesion, formed on the surface of the article such as a molded polybutylene terephthalate based-resin article and/or a molded polycarbonate-based resin article using a dry process instead of electroless plating.

A metal film-coated molded resin article includes: a molded article formed of a polybutylene terephthalate-based resin composition and/or a polycarbonate-based resin composition; and a metal film disposed on a surface of the molded article, wherein the resin composition(s) contain(s) a reactive compound and/or a resin having a reactive functional group. A metal film-coated molded resin article includes: a molded article formed of a polybutylene terephthalate-based resin composition; and a metal film disposed on a surface of the molded article, wherein the peel strength of the metal film measured under the adhesion test described in appendix 1 (specifications) of JIS H8630:2006 is ≥9.0 N/cm. A metal film-coated molded resin article may include a metal film excellent in adhesion, formed on the surface of the article such as a molded polybutylene terephthalate based-resin article and/or a molded polycarbonate-based resin article using a dry process instead of electroless plating.

The disclosure provides for anti-scale deposition coatings for use on surface, such as on oilfield parts. The coating includes a first, sublayer of a metal, ceramic, or metal-ceramic composite, which is characterized in having a hardness in excess of 35 HRC. The coating includes a second, top layer over the first layer, that is a polymer. A surface of the first layer may be conditioned to have a roughened or patterned topology for receipt of and adherence with the at least one top layer. The first layer may provide the coating with hardness, and the at least one top layer may provide the coating with low-friction and anti-scale properties.

The disclosure provides for anti-scale deposition coatings for use on surface, such as on oilfield parts. The coating includes a first, sublayer of a metal, ceramic, or metal-ceramic composite, which is characterized in having a hardness in excess of 35 HRC. The coating includes a second, top layer over the first layer, that is a polymer. A surface of the first layer may be conditioned to have a roughened or patterned topology for receipt of and adherence with the at least one top layer. The first layer may provide the coating with hardness, and the at least one top layer may provide the coating with low-friction and anti-scale properties.

A chemically amplified photosensitive composition used for forming a patterned resist film by photolithography on a metal surface of a substrate which at least partly has a surface consisting of metal. The composition includes an acid generator which generates an acid by irradiation of active rays or radioactive rays; and a compound and/or a precursor compound, in which the molar absorption coefficient ε at a wavelength of 365 nm of the compound is at least 3000, the compound has a metal coordination group, and the compound can be formed from the precursor compound during formation of the patterned resist film.

A chemically amplified photosensitive composition used for forming a patterned resist film by photolithography on a metal surface of a substrate which at least partly has a surface consisting of metal. The composition includes an acid generator which generates an acid by irradiation of active rays or radioactive rays; and a compound and/or a precursor compound, in which the molar absorption coefficient ε at a wavelength of 365 nm of the compound is at least 3000, the compound has a metal coordination group, and the compound can be formed from the precursor compound during formation of the patterned resist film.

Devices, systems, and/or methods that can facilitate plating one or more metal layers onto a niobium-titanium substrate are provided. According to an embodiment, a device can comprise a niobium-titanium substrate. The device can further comprise a first metal layer plated on a portion of the niobium-titanium substrate. The device can further comprise a second metal layer plated on the first metal layer. The device can further comprise a third metal layer plated on the second metal layer.