Waste water is treated by contacting it with sodium to form hydrogen which is then contacted with air in a combustion chamber to produce clean water and heat.

A system and method for cleaning dirty water is disclosed. The systems and methods may include two heat exchangers, including a high temperature/high pressure (HT/HP) heat exchanger that receives superheated steam and hydrogen gas and a low temperature/low pressure (LT/LP) that receives steam at a reduced temperature and pressure. The LT/LP heat exchanger provides first stage heating to dirty water that is input into the system for cleansing. The LT/LP heat exchanger has a first coil and a second coil. The first coil carries the dirty water to be cleaned. The HT/HP heat exchanger provides a second stage of heating to the dirty water that is output from the LT/LP heat exchanger. A first coil of the HT/HP heat exchanger carries the superheated steam and hydrogen gas. A second coil carries the preheated dirty water that is output from the LT/LP heat exchanger.

Methodologies, systems, and devices are disclosed for generating a chemical compound. A reaction chamber holds an amount of a precursor chemical, an activator chamber holds an amount of an activator chemical, and a quenching and neutralizer chamber holds an amount of quenching and neutralizing chemicals. A pump transfers the activator chemical from the activator chamber to the reaction chamber, where the activator chemical reacts with the precursor chemical to form the desired chemical compound. The desired chemical compound is allowed to exit the reaction chamber. Subsequently, the pump transfers the quenching and neutralizing chemicals from the quenching and neutralizer chamber to the reaction chamber, resulting in a quenched and neutralized solution.

Methodologies, systems, and devices are disclosed for generating a chemical compound. A reaction chamber holds an amount of a precursor chemical, an activator chamber holds an amount of an activator chemical, and a quenching and neutralizer chamber holds an amount of quenching and neutralizing chemicals. A pump transfers the activator chemical from the activator chamber to the reaction chamber, where the activator chemical reacts with the precursor chemical to form the desired chemical compound. The desired chemical compound is allowed to exit the reaction chamber. Subsequently, the pump transfers the quenching and neutralizing chemicals from the quenching and neutralizer chamber to the reaction chamber, resulting in a quenched and neutralized solution.

The invention provides an apparatus comprising a generator enclosed within a casing (4, 6) shaped to allow it to be rolled about one or more axes, the apparatus being provided with stabilising means (50a, 50b, 50c) that can be arranged to hold the apparatus in a desired orientation on an underlying surface and prevent the apparatus from rolling on the underlying surface when it is desired to use the generator.

The invention provides an apparatus comprising a generator enclosed within a casing (4, 6) shaped to allow it to be rolled about one or more axes, the apparatus being provided with stabilising means (50a, 50b, 50c) that can be arranged to hold the apparatus in a desired orientation on an underlying surface and prevent the apparatus from rolling on the underlying surface when it is desired to use the generator.

Provided is a hydrogen gas generating body capable of generating a hydrogen-added liquid in a shorter time than with conventional hydrogen-adding apparatuses. This hydrogen gas generating body is constituted by a hydrogen generating composition that generates hydrogen by retaining water, and a housing body formed to freely house the hydrogen generating composition by having a hydrogen gas permeable film overlaying a backing comprising a pouched non-woven fabric. The invention is also characterized in that: the housing body has the hydrogen gas permeable film overlaid on the inner side of the backing; the housing body has the hydrogen gas permeable film overlaid on the outer side of the backing; or the housing body comprises two layers of the backing with the hydrogen gas permeable film overlaid therebetween.

Provided is a hydrogen gas generating body capable of generating a hydrogen-added liquid in a shorter time than with conventional hydrogen-adding apparatuses. This hydrogen gas generating body is constituted by a hydrogen generating composition that generates hydrogen by retaining water, and a housing body formed to freely house the hydrogen generating composition by having a hydrogen gas permeable film overlaying a backing comprising a pouched non-woven fabric. The invention is also characterized in that: the housing body has the hydrogen gas permeable film overlaid on the inner side of the backing; the housing body has the hydrogen gas permeable film overlaid on the outer side of the backing; or the housing body comprises two layers of the backing with the hydrogen gas permeable film overlaid therebetween.

A method for producing hydrogen gas, is disclosed which is characterized by reacting mineral ion water containing at least alkaline earth metal ions and having pH of 11 or more to 14 or less and mineral-supported high-temperature burned carbonaceous substances made by impregnating mineral ion water in an organism-derived carbon precursor and burning the precursor at high temperature; a mineral-supported high-temperature burned carbonaceous substance for the above-mentioned method of producing of hydrogen gas; and a method for producing mineral ion water for the above-mentioned method of producing hydrogen gas, wherein the mineral ion water is made by dissolving at least oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, or hydrogencarbonate of magnesium or calcium in water to contain alkaline earth metal ions in the water, adjusting pH of the water, and dissolving a water-soluble component of organism-ash in the water.

A method for producing hydrogen gas, is disclosed which is characterized by reacting mineral ion water containing at least alkaline earth metal ions and having pH of 11 or more to 14 or less and mineral-supported high-temperature burned carbonaceous substances made by impregnating mineral ion water in an organism-derived carbon precursor and burning the precursor at high temperature; a mineral-supported high-temperature burned carbonaceous substance for the above-mentioned method of producing of hydrogen gas; and a method for producing mineral ion water for the above-mentioned method of producing hydrogen gas, wherein the mineral ion water is made by dissolving at least oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, or hydrogencarbonate of magnesium or calcium in water to contain alkaline earth metal ions in the water, adjusting pH of the water, and dissolving a water-soluble component of organism-ash in the water.