A method of making porous ceramic granules is provided. The method comprises heating pore-forming agent particles to a temperature above a glass transition temperature for the pore-forming agent particles; contacting the heated pore-forming agent particles with a ceramic material to form a mixture of pore-forming agent particles and ceramic material; heating the mixture to remove the pore-forming agent particles from the mixture to form a porous ceramic material; and micronizing the porous ceramic material to obtain the porous ceramic granules, wherein the porous ceramic granules have an average diameter from about 50 μm to 800 μm. The porous ceramic granules are also disclosed.

Provided is a medical calcium carbonate composition that highly satisfies 1) tissue affinity, 2) in vivo resorbability, 3) reactivity, and 4) mechanical strength required for medical materials to be implanted in vivo, a medical calcium phosphate composition, a medical carbonate apatite composition, a medical calcium hydroxide porous structure, a medical calcium sulfate setting granules, and a bone defect regeneration kit related to the medical calcium carbonate composition, and methods for producing these. The medical composition calcium carbonate that highly satisfies the above described elements, and related medical compositions can be produced by controlling the polymorph or structure of calcium carbonate.

Methods of preparing polymer-filled chromatography resin and their uses are provided.

The subject process relates generally to producing an aqueous solution through a simple but highly effective chemical reaction. The aqueous solution is composed of a blended solution with water and an added solubilizer for the chemical reaction. The results produce an ionic solid and an alkaline liquid solution which are useful commercial products, and various applications including but not limited to use as a CO.sub.2 capture solvent.

A composite comprising a hydroxyapatite and at least one additive which is present during hydroxyapatite synthesis. The additive may be embedded or incorporated into or coated onto the hydroxyapatite. The additive preferably increases the hydroxyapatite porosity, e.g., providing a higher pore volume and/or BET surface area than a hydroxyapatite material without additive. The additive preferably comprises an activated carbon, chitosan, hopcalite, clays, zeolites, sulfur, and/or a metal such as Al, Sn, Ti, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cu, Zr, La, Ce, in the form of metal, salt, oxide, oxyhydroxide, and/or hydroxide. The hydroxyapatite may be calcium-deficient. The composite is in the form of particles having a D50 of at least 20 μm, a BET surface area of at least 120 m.sup.2/g; and/or a total pore volume of at least 0.3 cm.sup.3/g. An adsorbent material comprising a composite or a blend of composite with a hydroxyapatite without additive, and its use for removal of contaminants such as Hg, Se, As, and/or B from an effluent.

A composite comprising a hydroxyapatite and at least one additive which is present during hydroxyapatite synthesis. The additive may be embedded or incorporated into or coated onto the hydroxyapatite. The additive preferably increases the hydroxyapatite porosity, e.g., providing a higher pore volume and/or BET surface area than a hydroxyapatite material without additive. The additive preferably comprises an activated carbon, chitosan, hopcalite, clays, zeolites, sulfur, and/or a metal such as Al, Sn, Ti, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cu, Zr, La, Ce, in the form of metal, salt, oxide, oxyhydroxide, and/or hydroxide. The hydroxyapatite may be calcium-deficient. The composite is in the form of particles having a D50 of at least 20 μm, a BET surface area of at least 120 m.sup.2/g; and/or a total pore volume of at least 0.3 cm.sup.3/g. An adsorbent material comprising a composite or a blend of composite with a hydroxyapatite without additive, and its use for removal of contaminants such as Hg, Se, As, and/or B from an effluent.

Octacalcium phosphate according an embodiment is prepared by a process including preparing a calcium phosphate solution, controlling an initial pH by controlling a pH of the calcium phosphate solution to a range from 5 to 6 using an acidic solution, heating the calcium phosphate solution of which the initial pH is controlled to a temperature ranging from 60° C. to 90° C., adding a heterogeneous seed comprising at least one selected from among octacalcium phosphate and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate to the heated calcium phosphate solution, after adding the heterogeneous seed, adjusting a terminal pH by controlling the pH of the heated calcium phosphate solution to which the heterogeneous seed is added to a range from 5 to 6.

Octacalcium phosphate according an embodiment is prepared by a process including preparing a calcium phosphate solution, controlling an initial pH by controlling a pH of the calcium phosphate solution to a range from 5 to 6 using an acidic solution, heating the calcium phosphate solution of which the initial pH is controlled to a temperature ranging from 60° C. to 90° C., adding a heterogeneous seed comprising at least one selected from among octacalcium phosphate and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate to the heated calcium phosphate solution, after adding the heterogeneous seed, adjusting a terminal pH by controlling the pH of the heated calcium phosphate solution to which the heterogeneous seed is added to a range from 5 to 6.

An efficient method of producing a carbonate apatite is provided. The method comprises: a first step of calcining animal bone; and a second step of reacting a bone calcined product obtained in the first step with a basic carbonate compound.

The present disclose generally provides pharmaceutical semi-solid hydrogels with entrapped calcium phosphate Comparison of Fitted Curves with Log Time for nanoparticles that demonstrate enhanced Preparations Demonstrating Statistical Significance drug release, retention, and esthetic properties. The hydrogels are particularly useful for topical applications of drug molecules. The present disclosure also relates to methods of administering a pharmaceutical agent by providing a pharmaceutical semi-solid hydrogel containing at least one pharmaceutical agent and administering it to a subject in need thereof.