The present application provides a method for recovering and reusing quartz powder waste in an out-of-tube deposition process. The quartz powder recovered by this method meets the optical performance requirements for the preparation of an optical fiber preform rod having a functional cladding, reduces the production cost, and solves the problem of environmental pollution. Also, the present invention further provides a method for preparing an optical fiber preform rod by using the recovered quartz powder. The method reduces and simplifies the difficulty in the manufacturing of a core rod of a preform rod, and simplifies the difficulty in the manufacturing of some preform rods of special structures.

The invention relates to a system for neutralizing asbestos, said system comprising a mobile neutralization unit (200) comprising: an asbestos waste sorting module (225), an asbestos grinder (255) and a hot acid bath (250) for rendering asbestos inert.

Preferably, the asbestos waste sorting module comprises: a window with glove boxes; and a conveyor for transporting the asbestos waste in front of the window.

In embodiments, the system comprises a means for containing the atmosphere within the mobile neutralization unit and/or the hot acid bath (250) of the mobile neutralization unit (200) comprises sulfuric acid.

Multi-layered graphene materials and methods of making and use are described herein. A multi-layered graphene material can include a plurality of graphene layers having a plurality of intercalated nano- or microstructures that form a plurality of yolk/shell type structures. Each yolk/shell type structure can include at least two graphene layers that form a shell-like structure that encompasses a void space having at least one of the plurality of nano- or microstructures. The void space has a volume sufficient to allow for volume expansion of the at least one of the plurality of nano- or microstructures without deforming the shell-like structure.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide for substrates having an oxide shell layer (e.g., a silica shell layer), methods of making an oxide shell layer, and the like.

Products derived from and methods of micelle tem plating that allow for orthogonal control over structural features.

This invention relates to compositions and medical devices comprising anti-microbial active particles, for inhibiting microbial growth. This invention further provides methods of making such compositions and medical devices.

An inorganic polysilazane resin of the present invention has a Si/N ratio (i.e. a ratio of contained silicon atoms to contained nitrogen atoms) of 1.30 or more. The inorganic polysilazane resin having such a high Si content can be produced by, for example, a method in which an inorganic polysilazane compound containing both Si—NH and Si—Cl is heated to react NH with Cl, a method in which a silazane oligomer (polymer) that leaves no Si—Cl bond is synthesized and a dihalosilane is added to the synthesized silazane oligomer (polymer) to perform a thermal reaction, and the like. A siliceous film can be formed by, for example, applying a coating composition containing the inorganic polysilazane resin onto a base plate and then dried and the dried product is then oxidized by bringing the dried product into contact with water vapor or hydrogen peroxide vapor and water vapor under heated conditions.

An optical member includes a base material and a film on the base material, the film includes hollow particles that have prickle-like protrusions on their surface, the heights of the protrusions are 3 nm or more and 20 nm or less, the proportion of the prickle-like protrusions is 3% or more and 30% or less of the particle surface, and the film includes 50 percent by volume or more and 68 percent by volume or less of hollow particles. Consequently, an antireflection film having a low refractive index and a low level of scattering in combination is provided.

Disclosed is a process for the extraction of silica from lignocellulosic plant matter, including the steps of: a) fractionating the lignocellulosic plant matter in the presence of an acid solution, so as to obtain a solid fraction including cellulose; b) extracting the silica from the solid fraction obtained in step a) with a basic solution, at a pH between 10 and 13 and at a temperature between 70° C. and 90° C., so as to obtain a liquid phase including silica and a solid phase; c) separating the liquid phase and of the solid phase which are obtained in step b); and d) precipitating the silica which is included in the liquid phase, at a pH between 5 and 6.

A method for fabricating nanoscale patterned oxide substrates and devices incorporating the substrates are provided. Highly periodic or non-periodic sinusoidal patterns and other fine oxide patterns are formed on the surface of a suitable base such as silicon. Fine oxide surface patterns are created with photolithography, etching and three different oxide formation events. Thin layers of conductor materials including graphene and metals can be applied to the oxide surface patterns of the substrate and conform to the pattern allowing morphology and physical properties the conductor layer to be tuned. Control over device characteristics is demonstrated by varying the dimensions, strain, orientation, wavelength and amplitude of graphene sheet corrugations. A patch antenna device with a periodic sinusoidal graphene sheet on a silicon oxide substrate mounted to a ground plane was demonstrated.