An electrode for a lithium-ion cell comprising a layered-spinel composite oxide material is disclosed. The layered-spinel can be a material of formula xLiMO.sub.2.(1x)Li.sub.yM.sub.zO.sub.4, wherein 0<x<1; LiMO.sub.2 is a lithium metal oxide having a layered structure in which M comprises one or more transition metals and optionally lithium, and has a combined average oxidation state of +3; and Li.sub.yM.sub.zO.sub.4 is a lithium metal oxide having a spinel structure, 1y1.33, 1.66z2, and M comprises one or more transition metals, and has a combined average metal oxidation state in the range of about +3.5 to about +4.

A positive electrode active material includes: a particle including a lithium composite oxide; a first layer that is provided on a surface of the particle and includes a lithium composite oxide; and a second layer that is provided on a surface of the first layer. The lithium composite oxide included in the particle and the lithium composite oxide included in the first layer have the same composition or almost the same composition, the second layer includes an oxide or a fluoride, and the lithium composite oxide included in the first layer has lower crystallinity than the lithium composite oxide included in the particle.

The present disclosure relates to improved LMO composition suitable for use as cathode material in rechargeable lithium ion batteries. The LMO composition may be doped with an additional metal or undoped. The LMO composition carries a surface treatment of LiF that protects the LMO from acid degradation. Cathodes prepared from the improved LMO have improved fade characteristics.

Positive electrode active material particle powder includes: lithium manganese oxide particle powder having Li and Mn as main components and a cubic spinel structure with an Fd-3m space group. The lithium manganese oxide particle powder is composed of secondary particles, which are aggregates of primary particles, an average particle diameter (D50) of the secondary particles being from 4 m to 20 m, and at least 80% of the primary particles exposed on surfaces of the secondary particles each have a polyhedral shape having at least one plane that is adjacent to two planes.

LKMNO cathode materials based on a lithium-manganese spinel modified synergetically with potassium and nickel, and a method of production thereof are disclosed. The LKMNO cathode materials are characterised by a reversible gravimetric capacity in relation to lithium of at least 250 mAh/g after 80 operation cycles under a current load of 1 C, so that they are suitable for application in lithium-ion batteries with a high energy density.

A positive active material, a secondary battery, a battery module, a battery pack, and an electrical device are disclosed. The positive active material includes a spinel-type lithium-manganese-containing composite oxide with a molecular formula of Li.sub.1+xA.sub.aM.sub.bX.sub.cMn.sub.2abcxO.sub.4t. In the molecular formula: A is a doping element for a manganese site of the spinel-type lithium-manganese-containing composite oxide; M is used for combining with O to form a second phase containing a polyoxyanion, and M includes one or more of B, C, N, Si, P, S, or Cl; X includes one or more of Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Sc, Ti, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, or Zr; and the molecular formula satisfies: 0.1x0.3, 0<a0.2, 0<b0.2, 0<c0.7, and 0t0.2.

Provided are a spinel-type lithium manganese oxide excellent in terms of charge-discharge performance at high temperatures and a lithium secondary battery excellent in terms of charge-discharge performance at high temperatures. A spinel-type lithium manganese oxide comprising a phosphate, the spinel-type lithium manganese oxide being represented by chemical formula: Li.sub.1+xMn.sub.2XYM.sub.YO.sub.4 (where 0.02X0.20, 0.05Y0.30, and M represents Al or Mg), wherein the phosphate has an average particle size of 0.1 m or more and 2.0 m or less, and primary particles of the spinel-type lithium manganese oxide have an average size of 1.5 m or more and 5.0 m or less, a method for producing the spinel-type lithium manganese oxide, and applications of the spinel-type lithium manganese oxide.

High-temperature thermochemical energy storage materials using doped magnesium-transition metal spinel oxides are provided. transition metal spinel oxides, such as magnesium manganese oxide (MgMn).sub.3O.sub.4, are promising candidates for high-temperature thermochemical energy storage applications. However, the use of these materials has been constrained by the limited extent of their endothermic reaction. Embodiments described herein provide for doping magnesium-transition metal spinel oxides to produce a material of low material costs and with high energy densities, creating an avenue for plausibly sized modules with high energy storing capacities.

The present disclosure provides a cobalt-free and nickel-free positive electrode material and a preparation method therefor, and a battery. The preparation method includes: preparing a cobalt-free and nickel-free matrix material, and mixing the cobalt-free and nickel-free matrix material, a lithium source, and a divalent manganese compound for reaction to obtain the cobalt-free and nickel-free positive electrode material. By adding the divalent manganese compound, the generation of lamellar LiMnO.sub.2 and spinel LiMn.sub.2O.sub.4 is inhibited, the generation of lamellar Li.sub.2MnO.sub.3 is promoted, and the cycle performance of the material is improved.

A method of forming an inorganic nano-material by thermally treating metal-infused organic polymers to remove the organics to leave an inorganic nano-material where the metal-infused organic polymer precursor may be formed by a polymer synthesis reaction of organic monomers with a metal-containing precursor and by combining a metal containing precursor with at least one organic monomer to obtain a mixture and initiating a polymerization reaction of the mixture to form a metal-infused organic polymer precursor.