Provided are a vehicle windshield equipped with a transparent film at a visual field area, where a negative effect on a driving visibility due to a boundary line between a forming area and a non-forming area of the transparent film is improved, and a vehicle component having the vehicle windshield. The vehicle windshield includes: a window plate; and a transparent film provided at a surface on a vehicle-interior side of the window plate, wherein the vehicle windshield includes a first area where the transparent film is not provided and a second area where the transparent film is provided, at a central area when viewed from a front side, and a boundary between the first area and the second area has no perspective distortion and is constituted by a boundary line having line width visually recognized by scattering of irradiated light of 10 m to 200 m.

The present invention provides a vaccine product comprising a container, wherein the container comprises an internal surface, the internal surface comprising either (i) silicon dioxide, (ii) a polymeric material, or (iii) a surface treated with ethylene oxide; and a vaccine composition within the container in contact with the internal surface, wherein the vaccine composition comprises virus particles.

A method of manufacturing a window includes preparing a base material layer, forming a first hard coating layer on the base material layer, and forming a second hard coating layer on the first hard coating layer. The forming of the second hard coating layer is performed in an environment having an oxygen concentration of about 0.01% to about 0.1%.

A thin film on a surface of a solid substrate, including: a) spraying on the surface: a colloidal suspension including solid nanoparticles (or colloids) of an inorganic compound dispersed in a solvent to obtain a wet layer of the colloidal suspension on the surface; or a suspension including an inorganic compound in polymeric form in a solvent, to obtain a wet layer of the suspension of the inorganic compound in polymeric form on the surface; or a solution or suspension of an organic polymer in a solvent, to obtain a wet layer of the solution or suspension of the organic polymer on the surface; b) drying the wet layer; c) optionally, heat-treating the wet layer that has undergone the drying step, whereby the thin film is obtained; wherein: the solvent comprises at least 95% by weight of water, and the drying is carried out in a static atmosphere.

A front quarter glass includes a window plate, a frame-like black ceramic layer on a peripheral portion of an interior side surface, and an anti-fogging film provided in a region excluding an entire peripheral portion of the window plate. A boundary is between the regions where the anti-fogging film is provided and not provided, has no perspective distortion, and has a boundary line of 10-200 m that is visually recognized by scattering of incoming light. An outer periphery of the anti-fogging film is located is located 8 mm inside from an inner periphery of the black ceramic layer in a first region. The first region is to less than 50% of an entire inner periphery including a lower front portion. The outer periphery of the anti-fogging film is located 8-35 mm inside the inner periphery of the black ceramic layer in a second region excluding the first region.

A coated glass substrate and a method of making the glass substrate is disclosed. The method comprises the following: providing a coating formulation on a glass substrate wherein the coating formulation comprises at least one polymerizable compound, a glass frit, and a non-crosslinked polymer and heating the coating formulation on the glass substrate. The coated glass substrate includes a coating provided on a surface of a glass substrate wherein the coating comprises a semi-interpenetrating polymer network including a non-crosslinked polymer and a glass frit. The coating exhibits a stud pull of about 275 psi or more.

Disclosed are a near-infrared absorbing composition, an optical structure, and a camera module and an electronic device including the same. The near-infrared absorbing composition includes a copper complex represented by Chemical Formula 1.

(L.sup.1)-Cu-(L.sup.2)n [Chemical Formula 1]

Definitions of Chemical Formula 1 are described in the detailed description.

An electronic device assembly includes a backplane having a glass composition substantially free of alkali ions, an elastic modulus of about 40 GPa to about 100 GPa, and a final thickness from about 20 m to about 100 m. The primary surfaces of the backplane are characterized by a prior material removal to the final thickness from an initial thickness that is at least 20 m greater than the final thickness. The assembly also includes a protect layer on the first primary surface of the backplane; and a plurality of electronic components on the second primary surface of the backplane. In addition, the backplane is configured with at least one static bend having a bend radius between about 25 mm and about 5 mm. The electronic components of the electronic device assembly can include at least one thin film transistor (TFT) element or organic light emitting diode (OLED) element.

According to the present invention, provided is a low-refractive-index film-forming liquid composition including: an epoxy resin (A) having a naphthalene skeleton in a molecular structure; a silica sol (B) in which spherical colloidal silica particles and beaded colloidal silica particles are dispersed in a liquid medium; and an organic solvent (C), in which a SiO.sub.2 content in the silica sol is 100 to 3000 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of a solid content of the dried and cured epoxy resin.

A curable glass coating composition including 5-70 wt % aliphatic polycarbonate diol, 5-60 wt % crosslinker, 1-20 wt % extender, 4-20 wt % fatty alcohol, and 2-30 wt % crystalline or amorphous powder filler material, and optionally 2-20 wt % aliphatic polyester polyol and 2-20 wt % cycloaliphatic epoxy. The coating composition can be applied to a glass substrate and cured to form a decorative cured polyurethane coating layer on the substrate that has improved caustic and UV resistance.