A composition may be suitable for flowable refractory materials and include calcium aluminate cement, a filler, a plasticizer in the form of a copolymer comprising polyether side chains, and a retarder having at least one acid. An article may include such a composition.

The present invention relates to a copolymer, especially for use as a dispersant for solid particles, in particular for use as dispersant for mineral binder compositions, having a polymer backbone and side chains bonded thereto, comprising at least one ionizable monomer unit M1 and at least one side chain-bearing monomer unit M2, wherein the copolymer has a gradient structure in at least one section A in a direction along the polymer backbone with regard to the ionizable monomer unit M1 and/or with regard to the side chain-bearing monomer unit M2.

An admixture for a hydraulic composition includes a polycondensation product P containing a copolymer prepared by polycondensation of a monomer mixture containing compounds A to C of the following Formulae (A) to (C); and a polycarboxylic acid-based polymer Q including a structural unit having an amino and an imino group, and/or a structural unit having an amino, imino, and amido group: ##STR00001## (wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom, alkyl, or alkenyl group; A.sub.1O is a C.sub.2-4 alkylene oxide group; p is a number of 1 to 300; and X is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl, or acyl group; R.sub.2 is an alkyl or alkenyl group; A.sub.2O is a C.sub.2-4 alkylene oxide group; q is a number of 1 to 300; and Y.sub.1 is a phosphate ester group; and R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom, carboxy, alkyl, alkenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, or heterocyclic group; and r is a number of 1 to 100).

An admixture for a hydraulic composition includes a polycondensation product P containing a copolymer prepared by polycondensation of a monomer mixture containing compounds A to C of the following Formulae (A) to (C); and a polycarboxylic acid-based polymer Q including a structural unit having an amino and an imino group, and/or a structural unit having an amino, imino, and amido group: ##STR00001## (wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom, alkyl, or alkenyl group; A.sub.1O is a C.sub.2-4 alkylene oxide group; p is a number of 1 to 300; and X is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl, or acyl group; R.sub.2 is an alkyl or alkenyl group; A.sub.2O is a C.sub.2-4 alkylene oxide group; q is a number of 1 to 300; and Y.sub.1 is a phosphate ester group; and R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom, carboxy, alkyl, alkenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, or heterocyclic group; and r is a number of 1 to 100).

A dispersant composition includes a) at least one polymer constituted of monomers having naphthalene ring and/or melamine; b). at least one polymer having carboxylic acid and/or phosphoric acid group and/or any group that is hydrolyzed into carboxylic or phosphoric; and c). at least one polymer having a structure of Formula I:

##STR00001##

R.sup.1 is hydrogen or alky group having carbon number not less than 1, cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl group having carbon number not less than 3, alkenyl group having carbon number not less than 2, aryl group having carbon number not less than 6; R.sup.2 is hydrogen or alky group having carbon number from 1 to 3; A is alkylene group having carbon number from 3 or 4; m and n are positive numbers wherein m is more than n and the sum of m and n is more than 9 and less than 12. Also provided is a method of using the dispersant composition in a mortar or concrete, and the weight percentage of the dispersant composition is from 0.01% to 2.5% based on the weight of cement in mortar. Further provided is an aqueous composition including the dispersant composition.

A dispersant composition includes a) at least one polymer constituted of monomers having naphthalene ring and/or melamine; b). at least one polymer having carboxylic acid and/or phosphoric acid group and/or any group that is hydrolyzed into carboxylic or phosphoric; and c). at least one polymer having a structure of Formula I:

##STR00001##

R.sup.1 is hydrogen or alky group having carbon number not less than 1, cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl group having carbon number not less than 3, alkenyl group having carbon number not less than 2, aryl group having carbon number not less than 6; R.sup.2 is hydrogen or alky group having carbon number from 1 to 3; A is alkylene group having carbon number from 3 or 4; m and n are positive numbers wherein m is more than n and the sum of m and n is more than 9 and less than 12. Also provided is a method of using the dispersant composition in a mortar or concrete, and the weight percentage of the dispersant composition is from 0.01% to 2.5% based on the weight of cement in mortar. Further provided is an aqueous composition including the dispersant composition.

Disclosed are a highly adaptable viscosity-reducing polycarboxylate water reducer and its preparation method and application. The highly adaptable viscosity-reducing polycarboxylate water reducer is composed of a polymer and water, and the polymer accounts for 30-50 wt %; since the main chain of the polymer contains a hydrophobic benzene ring and hydrophilic amine, the polymer has strong rigidity and good solubility in an aqueous solution, and is rich in two adsorption groups of carboxyl group/phosphono group. The highly adaptable viscosity-reducing polycarboxylate water reducer of the present invention has excellent water-reducing and slump retention properties and is suitable for general construction projects and commercial concrete projects. Compared with the conventional polycarboxylate water reducer, the highly adaptable viscosity-reducing polycarboxylate water reducer of the present invention has strong adaptability to concrete materials and can effectively reduce the viscosity of high-strength concrete (C50-C100), thus having bright application prospects in the high-end water reducer market.

Disclosed are a highly adaptable viscosity-reducing polycarboxylate water reducer and its preparation method and application. The highly adaptable viscosity-reducing polycarboxylate water reducer is composed of a polymer and water, and the polymer accounts for 30-50 wt %; since the main chain of the polymer contains a hydrophobic benzene ring and hydrophilic amine, the polymer has strong rigidity and good solubility in an aqueous solution, and is rich in two adsorption groups of carboxyl group/phosphono group. The highly adaptable viscosity-reducing polycarboxylate water reducer of the present invention has excellent water-reducing and slump retention properties and is suitable for general construction projects and commercial concrete projects. Compared with the conventional polycarboxylate water reducer, the highly adaptable viscosity-reducing polycarboxylate water reducer of the present invention has strong adaptability to concrete materials and can effectively reduce the viscosity of high-strength concrete (C50-C100), thus having bright application prospects in the high-end water reducer market.

A block copolymer for use as a dispersant for mineral binder compositions, containing an alkali activating agent. The block copolymer includes at least one first block A and at least one second block B, the first block A containing a monomeric unit M1 and the second block B containing a monomeric unit M2. A proportion of monomeric units M2, if any, in the first block A is less than 25 mol %, in particular less than or equal to 10 mol %, relative to all the monomeric units M1 in the first block A, and a proportion of monomeric units M1, if any, in the second block B is less than 25 mol %, in particular less than or equal to 10 mol %, relative to all the monomeric units M2 in the second block B.

The present invention relates to the use of a copolymer as a dispersant for binder compositions based on calcium sulfate, the copolymer having a polymer backbone and sidechains bound thereto, and at least one ionizable monomeric unit M1 and at least one sidechain-carrying monomeric unit M2, characterized in that the copolymer has, in a direction along the polymer backbone, a non-random distribution of the monomeric units M1 and/or of the monomeric units M2.