The present disclosure generally relates to processes for converting acrylate esters or a derivative thereof to difluoropropionic acid or a derivative thereof. This process is generally performed using fluorine gas in a hydrofluorocarbon solvent. In particular, a continuous process for fluorinating a double bond is disclosed, the process comprising forming a reaction stream comprising a compound of formula 1 or formula 5 dissolved in a hydrofluorocarbon or fluorocarbon solvent, ##STR00001##
wherein R.sub.1 is hydroxy, alkoxy, chloro, or OC(O)CH?CH.sub.2; the reaction stream flowing through a continuous fluorination reactor at a flow rate of from about 0.2 mL/minute to about 2 mL/minute and fluorine gas flows through the continuous fluorination reactor at a gas flow rate of from about 0.2 mmol/minute to about 2 mmol/minute; whereby reaction of the compound of formula 1 or formula 5 with the fluorine gas forms a compound of formula 2 or formula 6 ##STR00002##
wherein R.sub.2 is hydroxy, alkoxy, chloro, or OC(O)CHFCH.sub.2F.

A method for removing a fluorine-containing compound from discharge water, which includes bringing discharge water containing two or more fluorine-containing compounds represented by the following general formula (1) or (2) into contact with an adsorbent so as to adsorb the two or more fluorine-containing compounds:

(H(CF.sub.2).sub.mCOO).sub.pM.sup.1General Formula (1):

wherein m is 3 to 19, M.sup.1 is H, a metal atom, NR.sup.b.sub.4, where R.sup.b is the same or different and is H or an organic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, imidazolium optionally having a substituent, pyridinium optionally having a substituent, or phosphonium optionally having a substituent; and p is 1 or 2;

(H(CF.sub.2).sub.nSO.sub.3).sub.qM.sup.2General Formula (2):

wherein n is 4 to 20; M.sup.2 is H, a metal atom, NR.sup.b.sub.4, where R.sup.b is the same as above, imidazolium optionally having a substituent, pyridinium optionally having a substituent, or phosphonium optionally having a substituent; and q is 1 or 2.

A method for removing a fluorine-containing compound from discharge water, which includes bringing discharge water containing two or more fluorine-containing compounds represented by the following general formula (1) or (2) into contact with an adsorbent so as to adsorb the two or more fluorine-containing compounds:

(H(CF.sub.2).sub.mCOO).sub.pM.sup.1General Formula (1):

wherein m is 3 to 19, M.sup.1 is H, a metal atom, NR.sup.b.sub.4, where R.sup.b is the same or different and is H or an organic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, imidazolium optionally having a substituent, pyridinium optionally having a substituent, or phosphonium optionally having a substituent; and p is 1 or 2;

(H(CF.sub.2).sub.nSO.sub.3).sub.qM.sup.2General Formula (2):

wherein n is 4 to 20; M.sup.2 is H, a metal atom, NR.sup.b.sub.4, where R.sup.b is the same as above, imidazolium optionally having a substituent, pyridinium optionally having a substituent, or phosphonium optionally having a substituent; and q is 1 or 2.

The present invention generally relates to processes for converting acrylate esters or a derivative thereof to difluoropropionic acid or a derivative thereof. This process is generally performed using fluorine gas in a hydrofluorocarbon solvent.

The present invention generally relates to processes for converting acrylate esters or a derivative thereof to difluoropropionic acid or a derivative thereof. This process is generally performed using fluorine gas in a hydrofluorocarbon solvent.

The present invention generally relates to processes for converting acrylate esters or a derivative thereof to difluoropropionic acid or a derivative thereof. This process is generally performed using fluorine gas in a hydrofluorocarbon solvent.

The present invention generally relates to processes for converting acrylate esters or a derivative thereof to difluoropropionic acid or a derivative thereof. This process is generally performed using fluorine gas in a hydrofluorocarbon solvent.

The present invention generally relates to processes for converting acrylate esters or a derivative thereof to difluoropropionic acid or a derivative thereof. This process is generally performed using fluorine gas in a hydrofluorocarbon solvent.

There is provided a method for producing a composition containing a purified fluorine-containing ether compound.

A method for producing a composition containing a purified fluorine-containing ether compound, wherein

the fluorine-containing ether compound is represented by

CHX.sup.1X.sup.2CF.sub.2OX.sup.3general formula (1):

wherein X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or a trifluoromethyl group, and X.sup.3 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and optionally containing a fluorine atom, provided that X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are not trifluoromethyl groups at the same time, and the method includes: (A) converting, through a reaction between a fluorine-containing olefin compound represented by

CX.sup.1X.sup.2CF(CF.sub.2).sub.nOX.sup.3general formula (2):,

wherein n represents 0 or 1, and X.sup.1, X.sup.2 and X.sup.3 are the same as described above, provided that when X.sup.1 or X.sup.2 is a trifluoromethyl group, n is 0, and X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are not trifluoromethyl groups at the same time, and a nitrogen-containing compound in the presence of the fluorine-containing ether compound represented by general formula (1), the fluorine-containing olefin compound represented by general formula (2) into an adduct of the nitrogen-containing compound and/or a fluorine-containing carboxylic acid analogue to obtain a composition containing the fluorine-containing ether compound represented by general formula (1) and the adduct of the nitrogen-containing compound and/or the fluorine-containing carboxylic acid analogue, wherein the nitrogen-containing compound is nitrogen-containing compound A having a structure in which an acyl group is bonded to a nitrogen atom and/or nitrogen-containing compound B that is a tertiary amine compound; and (B) separating the adduct of the nitrogen-containing compound and/or the fluorine-containing carboxylic acid analogue from the composition obtained in step (A) to obtain the composition containing a purified fluorine-containing ether compound.

There is provided a method for producing a composition containing a purified fluorine-containing ether compound.

A method for producing a composition containing a purified fluorine-containing ether compound, wherein

the fluorine-containing ether compound is represented by

CHX.sup.1X.sup.2CF.sub.2OX.sup.3general formula (1):

wherein X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or a trifluoromethyl group, and X.sup.3 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and optionally containing a fluorine atom, provided that X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are not trifluoromethyl groups at the same time, and the method includes: (A) converting, through a reaction between a fluorine-containing olefin compound represented by

CX.sup.1X.sup.2CF(CF.sub.2).sub.nOX.sup.3general formula (2):,

wherein n represents 0 or 1, and X.sup.1, X.sup.2 and X.sup.3 are the same as described above, provided that when X.sup.1 or X.sup.2 is a trifluoromethyl group, n is 0, and X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are not trifluoromethyl groups at the same time, and a nitrogen-containing compound in the presence of the fluorine-containing ether compound represented by general formula (1), the fluorine-containing olefin compound represented by general formula (2) into an adduct of the nitrogen-containing compound and/or a fluorine-containing carboxylic acid analogue to obtain a composition containing the fluorine-containing ether compound represented by general formula (1) and the adduct of the nitrogen-containing compound and/or the fluorine-containing carboxylic acid analogue, wherein the nitrogen-containing compound is nitrogen-containing compound A having a structure in which an acyl group is bonded to a nitrogen atom and/or nitrogen-containing compound B that is a tertiary amine compound; and (B) separating the adduct of the nitrogen-containing compound and/or the fluorine-containing carboxylic acid analogue from the composition obtained in step (A) to obtain the composition containing a purified fluorine-containing ether compound.