The present invention provides chromium compounds, specifically chromium dinicocysteinate, which possess the ability to improve insulin sensitization, glucose tolerance, bioavailability, efficacy, and safety, and methods for their use.

A method for the preparation of an alkali metal cinnamate powdery product, preferably potassium cinnamate or sodium cinnamate, is disclosed herein. The resulting product has novel structural properties. The powder of the present disclosure is made via spray-drying and/or spray agglomeration and has a higher flowability, is less cohesive and less dusty, has an improved dissolution rate and in particular has a very favorable organoleptic profile. The disclosure is also directed to product applications in which the novel cinnamate product of the present disclosure may be applied.

A method for the preparation of an alkali metal cinnamate powdery product, preferably potassium cinnamate or sodium cinnamate, is disclosed herein. The resulting product has novel structural properties. The powder of the present disclosure is made via spray-drying and/or spray agglomeration and has a higher flowability, is less cohesive and less dusty, has an improved dissolution rate and in particular has a very favorable organoleptic profile. The disclosure is also directed to product applications in which the novel cinnamate product of the present disclosure may be applied.

A method for the preparation of an alkali metal cinnamate powdery product, preferably potassium cinnamate or sodium cinnamate, is disclosed herein. The resulting product has novel structural properties. The powder of the present disclosure is made via spray-drying and/or spray agglomeration and has a higher flowability, is less cohesive and less dusty, has an improved dissolution rate and in particular has a very favorable organoleptic profile. The disclosure is also directed to product applications in which the novel cinnamate product of the present disclosure may be applied.

The present invention relates to the use of a 2,5-dihydroxybenzene derivative of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, isomer, or prodrug thereof for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of, inter alia, rosacea.

The present invention relates to the use of a 2,5-dihydroxybenzene derivative of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, isomer, or prodrug thereof for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of, inter alia, rosacea.

The present invention relates to the use of a 2,5-dihydroxybenzene derivative of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, isomer, or prodrug thereof for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of, inter alia, skin cancer.

Provided is a method for producing a 3-phenylpropionic acid analogue compound represented by Formula (I), the method comprising a step of culturing lactic acid bacteria of genus Weissella using a culture medium that contains 3 mM or more of a cinnamic acid analogue compound represented by Formula (II), the lactic acid bacteria having properties (1a) to (3a) when inoculated to an MRS liquid culture medium containing 3 mM 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid and cultured at 37 C. for 24 hours under an anaerobic condition: (1a) a turbidity of 1.0 or more; (2a) a ratio of reduction to 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propionic acid of 80% or more; and (3a) a ratio of decarboxylation to 4-vinylguaiacol of less than 5%. Also provided are lactic acid bacteria having these properties. The above method and lactic acid bacteria allow a 3-Phenylpropionic acid analogue compound to be efficiently produced.

##STR00001##

Provided is a method for producing a 3-phenylpropionic acid analogue compound represented by Formula (I), the method comprising a step of culturing lactic acid bacteria of genus Weissella using a culture medium that contains 3 mM or more of a cinnamic acid analogue compound represented by Formula (II), the lactic acid bacteria having properties (1a) to (3a) when inoculated to an MRS liquid culture medium containing 3 mM 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid and cultured at 37 C. for 24 hours under an anaerobic condition: (1a) a turbidity of 1.0 or more; (2a) a ratio of reduction to 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propionic acid of 80% or more; and (3a) a ratio of decarboxylation to 4-vinylguaiacol of less than 5%. Also provided are lactic acid bacteria having these properties. The above method and lactic acid bacteria allow a 3-Phenylpropionic acid analogue compound to be efficiently produced.

##STR00001##

A semiconductor photoresist composition and a method of forming patterns using the semiconductor photoresist composition are provided. The semiconductor photoresist composition includes a Sn-containing organometallic compound, a carboxylic acid compound including at least one aryl group and an unsaturated bond, and a solvent.