An organic compound, a three-dimensional organic structure formed by using the organic compound, a separation sieve and an optical layer having the organic structure, and an optical device having the optical layer as an optical amplification layer are provided. The organic structure includes a plurality of organic molecules self-assembled by non-covalent bonding. Each of the unit organic molecules has an aromatic ring, a first pair of substituents being connected to immediately adjacent positions of substitutable positions of the aromatic ring, and a second pair of substituents being connected to immediately adjacent positions of remaining substitutable positions of the aromatic ring. The unit organic molecules are self-assembled by van der Waals interaction, London dispersion interaction or hydrogen bonding between the first and the second pairs of the substituents and by pi-pi interactions between the aromatic rings.

An organic compound, a three-dimensional organic structure formed by using the organic compound, a separation sieve and an optical layer having the organic structure, and an optical device having the optical layer as an optical amplification layer are provided. The organic structure includes a plurality of organic molecules self-assembled by non-covalent bonding. Each of the unit organic molecules has an aromatic ring, a first pair of substituents being connected to immediately adjacent positions of substitutable positions of the aromatic ring, and a second pair of substituents being connected to immediately adjacent positions of remaining substitutable positions of the aromatic ring. The unit organic molecules are self-assembled by van der Waals interaction, London dispersion interaction or hydrogen bonding between the first and the second pairs of the substituents and by pi-pi interactions between the aromatic rings.

This modifying agent for polyolefin resin films is a partial ester of a polyol having a functionality of 3-6 and a linear aliphatic carboxylic acid having 8-22 carbon atoms, and contains 70% by mass or more of monoesters and diesters in total, with the mass ratio of the monoester content to the diester content, namely, the monoester/diester mass ratio being from 30/70 to 86/14. This modifying agent for polyolefin resin films is applied to a polyolefin resin film which contains a specific diethanolamine compound or diethanolamide compound in an amount of 0.02% by mass or less, while containing an alkylsulfonic acid alkali metal salt in an amount of 0.004% by mass or less.

This modifying agent for polyolefin resin films is a partial ester of a polyol having a functionality of 3-6 and a linear aliphatic carboxylic acid having 8-22 carbon atoms, and contains 70% by mass or more of monoesters and diesters in total, with the mass ratio of the monoester content to the diester content, namely, the monoester/diester mass ratio being from 30/70 to 86/14. This modifying agent for polyolefin resin films is applied to a polyolefin resin film which contains a specific diethanolamine compound or diethanolamide compound in an amount of 0.02% by mass or less, while containing an alkylsulfonic acid alkali metal salt in an amount of 0.004% by mass or less.

Described herein are methods of stabilizing the beta hydrogen of glycerol based esters by the insertion of alkoxy groups to significantly improve the thermal, oxidative, and hydrolytic stability of the ester and allow for controlling the molar density of esters bonds in the lubricants to maximize hydrolytic stability while maintaining biodegradability and further improving performance properties.

The present invention relates to a derivative of 13-oxidized ingenol, use thereof in the prevention and/or treatment of a disease associated with proliferation or tumor in a subject, or a cosmetic indication, and use thereof in the prevention and/or treatment of a disease responsive to neutrophil oxidative burst, a disease responsive to a release of IL-8 by keratinocyte, or a disease responsive to induction of necrosis.

Provided in the present invention are ingenol compounds and a use thereof in preparing an anti-HIV latency drug. In particular, provided in the present invention is a use of ingenol compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof for preparing a drug for: (a) intervening with HIV viral latency; (b) activating an HIV virus that has been integrated into mammalian genomes; and/or (c) inducing the expression of the dormant HIV provirus in infected cells. The compounds of the present invention may also be used in combination with antiretroviral drugs to accelerate the removal of latent viral reservoirs.

Provided in the present invention are ingenol compounds and a use thereof in preparing an anti-HIV latency drug. In particular, provided in the present invention is a use of ingenol compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof for preparing a drug for: (a) intervening with HIV viral latency; (b) activating an HIV virus that has been integrated into mammalian genomes; and/or (c) inducing the expression of the dormant HIV provirus in infected cells. The compounds of the present invention may also be used in combination with antiretroviral drugs to accelerate the removal of latent viral reservoirs.

It is provided an ester for a refrigerator oil and of mixed alcohols and mixed monocarboxylic acids. The mixed alcohols include dipentaerythritol and tripentaerythritol in a mass ratio of 90/10 to 99.7/0.3, and the mixed monocarboxylic acids include n-pentanoic acid and 2-methyl butanoic acid in a mass ratio of 50/50 to 80/20. The ester has a kinematic viscosity of 50 to 150 mm.sup.2/s at 40 C.

It is provided an ester for a refrigerator oil and of mixed alcohols and mixed monocarboxylic acids. The mixed alcohols include dipentaerythritol and tripentaerythritol in a mass ratio of 90/10 to 99.7/0.3, and the mixed monocarboxylic acids include n-pentanoic acid and 2-methyl butanoic acid in a mass ratio of 50/50 to 80/20. The ester has a kinematic viscosity of 50 to 150 mm.sup.2/s at 40 C.