The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of compounds endowed with phosphodiesterase (PDE4) inhibitory activity having formula (I). The invention also relates to the process for the isolation by crystallization of the compound (I) and to its use for the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions for inhalation in combination with suitable carriers or vehicles. The present invention also relates to solvates and crystal forms of a compound of formula (I). The synthesized product is suitable for use in pharmaceutical applications for instance in the treatment of respiratory diseases.

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of compounds endowed with phosphodiesterase (PDE4) inhibitory activity having formula (I). The invention also relates to the process for the isolation by crystallization of the compound (I) and to its use for the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions for inhalation in combination with suitable carriers or vehicles. The present invention also relates to solvates and crystal forms of a compound of formula (I). The synthesized product is suitable for use in pharmaceutical applications for instance in the treatment of respiratory diseases.

The present invention relates to inhibitors of the Wnt signalling pathways of general formula (I) as described and defined herein, to methods of preparing said compounds, to intermediate compounds useful for preparing said compounds, to pharmaceutical compositions and combinations comprising said compounds and to the use of said compounds for manufacturing a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment or prophylaxis of a disease, in particular of a hyper-proliferative disorder, as a sole agent or in combination with other active ingredients.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to inhibitors of the Wnt signalling pathways of general formula (I) as described and defined herein, to methods of preparing said compounds, to intermediate compounds useful for preparing said compounds, to pharmaceutical compositions and combinations comprising said compounds and to the use of said compounds for manufacturing a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment or prophylaxis of a disease, in particular of a hyper-proliferative disorder, as a sole agent or in combination with other active ingredients.

##STR00001##

Described are improved linking agents that are useful for facilitating the attachment of targeting groups, pharmacokinetic (PK) enhancers or modifiers, or other delivery agents to oligonucleotides. The described linking agents may exhibit improved reaction yields, stability, and biological activity, particularly when used in connection with oligonucleotide-based compounds, such as RNA interference (RNAi) agents.

Described are improved linking agents that are useful for facilitating the attachment of targeting groups, pharmacokinetic (PK) enhancers or modifiers, or other delivery agents to oligonucleotides. The described linking agents may exhibit improved reaction yields, stability, and biological activity, particularly when used in connection with oligonucleotide-based compounds, such as RNA interference (RNAi) agents.

Uric acid in mammalian subjects is reduced and excretion of uric acid is increased by administering a compound of Formula I. The uric acid-lowering effects of the compounds of this invention are used to treat or prevent a variety of conditions including gout, hyperuricemia, elevated levels of uric acid that do not meet the levels customarily justifying a diagnosis of hyperuricemia, renal dysfunction, kidney stones, cardiovascular disease, risk for developing cardiovascular disease, tumor-lysis syndrome, cognitive impairment, early-onset essential hypertension, and Plasmodium falciparum-induced inflammation.

##STR00001##

In Formula I, t is 0 or 1; q is 0 or 1; and r is 0, 1 or 2. R.sup.7 is hydrogen or alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms. R.sup.6 is hydrogen, hydroxy, halo, alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, alkoxy having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, nitro, thio, alkylthio, or cyano. X is C(O) or NH(R.sup.8) wherein R.sup.8 is hydrogen or alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; provided that when X is C(O), r is 0 and t is 0. A is phenyl, unsubstituted or substituted by 1 or 2 groups selected from halo, hydroxy, methyl, ethyl, perfluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, perfluoromethoxy, nitro, and amino; or a 5 or 6 membered heteroaromatic ring having 1 or 2 ring heteroatoms selected from N, S and O and the heteroaromatic ring is covalently bound to the remainder of the compound of Formula I by a ring carbon; or cycloalkyl having from 3 to 6 ring carbon atoms wherein the cycloalkyl is unsubstituted or one or two ring carbons are independently monosubstituted by methyl or ethyl.

Disclosed are a hydroxypentyl benzoic acid diester compound, a method preparing the same, and an application of the same. This application uses a combination principle, on the one hand, the medicine concentration of butylphthalide in cerebral vessels is improved through a function of promoting the medicine to penetrate through a blood-brain barrier of dexborneol, and a multi-target multi-channel synergistic brain protection effect of the medicine is exerted; on the other hand, the treatment effect of dexborneol on cerebral ischemia is exerted. Anti-cerebral ischemia in-vivo pharmacodynamic activity evaluation is carried out on the synthesized compound, a high-activity candidate medicine is obtained, and industrial production can be achieved through the synthesis method.

Disclosed are a hydroxypentyl benzoic acid diester compound, a method preparing the same, and an application of the same. This application uses a combination principle, on the one hand, the medicine concentration of butylphthalide in cerebral vessels is improved through a function of promoting the medicine to penetrate through a blood-brain barrier of dexborneol, and a multi-target multi-channel synergistic brain protection effect of the medicine is exerted; on the other hand, the treatment effect of dexborneol on cerebral ischemia is exerted. Anti-cerebral ischemia in-vivo pharmacodynamic activity evaluation is carried out on the synthesized compound, a high-activity candidate medicine is obtained, and industrial production can be achieved through the synthesis method.

Disclosed are a hydroxypentyl benzoic acid diester compound, a method preparing the same, and an application of the same. This application uses a combination principle, on the one hand, the medicine concentration of butylphthalide in cerebral vessels is improved through a function of promoting the medicine to penetrate through a blood-brain barrier of dexborneol, and a multi-target multi-channel synergistic brain protection effect of the medicine is exerted; on the other hand, the treatment effect of dexborneol on cerebral ischemia is exerted. Anti-cerebral ischemia in-vivo pharmacodynamic activity evaluation is carried out on the synthesized compound, a high-activity candidate medicine is obtained, and industrial production can be achieved through the synthesis method.