Amines and amine derivatives that improve the buffering range, and/or reduce the chelation and other negative interactions of the buffer and the system to be buffered. The reaction of amines or polyamines with various molecules to form polyamines with differing pKa's will extend the buffering range. Derivatives that result in polyamines that have the same pKa yield a greater buffering capacity. Derivatives that result in zwitterionic buffers improve yield by allowing a greater range of stability.

Amines and amine derivatives that improve the buffering range, and/or reduce the chelation and other negative interactions of the buffer and the system to be buffered. The reaction of amines or polyamines with various molecules to form polyamines with differing pKa's will extend the buffering range. Derivatives that result in polyamines that have the same pKa yield a greater buffering capacity. Derivatives that result in zwitterionic buffers improve yield by allowing a greater range of stability.

A lipid comprising a tri-chain cation having a cationic head group and three or more C.sub.7-24 hydrocarbyl groups for use in non-viral gene delivery systems, for example in the formation of lipopolyplex transfection vectors. Exceptionally good nucleic acid transfection is observed when nucleic acid and targeting peptides are formulated with the lipid of the invention (or lipid formulated with a co-lipid) into a LPD complex.

A lipid comprising a tri-chain cation having a cationic head group and three or more C.sub.7-24 hydrocarbyl groups for use in non-viral gene delivery systems, for example in the formation of lipopolyplex transfection vectors. Exceptionally good nucleic acid transfection is observed when nucleic acid and targeting peptides are formulated with the lipid of the invention (or lipid formulated with a co-lipid) into a LPD complex.

A branched type hetero monodispersed polyethylene glycol represented by formula (1) (X.sup.1 and Y.sup.1 each represents an atomic group containing at least a functional group capable of reacting with a functional group present in a biofunctional molecule to form a covalent bond, provided that the functional group contained in the atomic group X.sup.1 and the functional group contained in the atomic group Y.sup.1 are different from each other, n represents a number of repeating units of a monodispersed polyethylene glycol and is an integer of 6 to 30, E is a branch site having a divalent bond valence number to L.sup.2 and a monovalent bond valence number to L.sup.3 and represents a glycerol site, L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 each independently represents a single bond or a divalent organic group, and L3 represents a single bond, -L.sup.4-(CH.sub.2).sub.m1— or -L.sup.4-(CH.sub.2).sub.m2-L.sup.5-(CH.sub.2).sub.m3—, L.sup.4 represents any of an ether bond, an amide bond and a urethane bond, L.sup.5 represents an amide bond or a urethane bond, and m1, m2 and m3 each independently represents an integer or 1 to 5.)

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The present disclosure generally relates to herbicidal compositions, and more particularly, herbicidal compositions comprising glyphosate or a salt thereof and a surfactant comprising at least one castor oil triglycidyl ether-based (“COTE-based”) adjuvant.

The present disclosure generally relates to herbicidal compositions, and more particularly, herbicidal compositions comprising glyphosate or a salt thereof and a surfactant comprising at least one castor oil triglycidyl ether-based (“COTE-based”) adjuvant.

The present disclosure provides a quaternary ammonium hydroxide solution comprising a reaction product of a polyamine and an organic oxirane. The quaternary ammonium hydroxide solution may be used in various applications, such as in removing chemical residue from a metal or dielectric surface.

The present disclosure provides a quaternary ammonium hydroxide solution comprising a reaction product of a polyamine and an organic oxirane. The quaternary ammonium hydroxide solution may be used in various applications, such as in removing chemical residue from a metal or dielectric surface.

Amines and amine derivatives that improve the buffering range, and/or reduce the chelation and other negative interactions of the buffer and the system to be buffered. The reaction of amines or polyamines with various molecules to form polyamines with differing pKa's will extend the buffering range, derivatives that result in polyamines that have the same pKa yields a greater buffering capacity. Derivatives that result in zwitterionic buffers improve yield by allowing a greater range of stability.