A method, including: transmitting, by a first circuit to outside a user's body, information related to a first medication ingested by the user, the first circuit being digestible by gastric juices of the user, the first circuit being covered by a first thickness of a first digestible material; and transmitting, by a second circuit to outside the user's body, information related to a second medication ingested by the user, the second circuit being digestible by the gastric juices of the user, the second circuit being covered by a second thickness of a second digestible material and the first thickness of the first digestible material.

A method is disclosed comprising providing a biological sample on a swab, directing a spray of charged droplets onto a surface of the swab in order to generate a plurality of analyte ions, and analysing the analyte ions.

An exemplary apparatus for obtaining data for at least one portion within at least one luminal or hollow sample can be provided. For example, the apparatus can include a first optical arrangement configured to transceive at least one electromagnetic radiation to and from the portion(s). The apparatus can also include a wavelength dispersive second arrangement, which can be configured to disperse the electromagnetic radiation(s). A housing can be provided with a shape of a pill, and enclosing the first and second arrangements.

A wireless communication apparatus includes a phase detecting unit configured to detect a signal change point at which a signal decoded from a received wireless signal changes and detect a temporal position of the signal change point within one cycle defined by setting of a symbol rate as a phase, a vector generating unit configured to generate a vector which corresponds to the detected phase and which has a predetermined magnitude, a vector synthesizing unit configured to synthesize the generated vector in plurality to generate a synthesized vector, a calculating unit configured to calculate a parameter having a correspondence relationship with a magnitude of the generated synthesized vector, and a judging unit configured to judge whether or not a wireless signal is a specific wireless signal based on the calculated parameter.

A position detection system includes: a capsule medical device configured to generate a position-detecting magnetic field; a plurality of detection coils arranged outside a subject; and a processor including hardware. The processor is configured to correct a magnetic field component caused by a first magnetic field generation material with respect to each of measurement values of detection signals output from the detection coils, the first magnetic field generation material being arranged inside a space that the position-detecting magnetic field generated by the capsule medical device present inside a detection target region is reachable, the detection target region being a region in which a position of the capsule medical device is detectable, the first magnetic field generation material being configured to generate a magnetic field due to action of the position-detecting magnetic field.

Aspects disclosed in the detailed description include an ingestible power harvesting device and related applications. An ingestible power harvesting device includes a cathode electrode and an anode electrode that can catalyze a power generating reaction to generate a direct current (DC) power when surrounded by an acidic electrolyte. The cathode electrode and the anode electrode are coupled to an encapsulated electronic device that includes power harvesting circuitry configured to harvest the DC power and output a DC supply voltage for a prolonged period. In examples discussed herein, the prolonged period is at least five days. The DC supply voltage powers an electronic circuit in the encapsulated electronic device to support a defined in vivo operation (e.g., controlled drug delivery, in vivo vital signs monitoring, etc.). As such, the ingestible power harvesting device can operate in vivo for the prolonged period without requiring an embedded conventional battery.

Lumen-traveling biological interface devices and associated methods and systems are described. Lumen-traveling biological interface devices capable of traveling within a body lumen may include a propelling mechanism to produce movement of the lumen-traveling device within the lumen, electrodes or other electromagnetic transducers for detecting biological signals and electrodes, coils or other electromagnetic transducers for delivering electromagnetic stimuli to stimulus responsive tissues. Lumen-traveling biological interface devices may also include additional components such as sensors, an active portion, and/or control circuitry.

A method of one aspect may include receiving an encapsulated image acquisition device having an internal memory. The internal memory may store images acquired by the encapsulated image acquisition device. The images may be transferred from the internal memory to an external memory that is external to the encapsulated image acquisition device. An image analysis station may be selected from among a plurality of image analysis stations to analyze the images. The images may be analyzed with the selected image analysis station. Other methods, systems, and kits are also disclosed.

First RGB image signals are inputted. A first B/G ratio and a first G/R ratio are calculated. The first B/G ratio and the first G/R ratio are converted into a second B/G ratio and a second G/R ratio, respectively, through a color information conversion process. Owing to the color information conversion process, a difference between first and second observation areas in a second signal ratio space formed by the second B/G ratio and the second G/R ratio is greater than a difference between the first and second observation areas in a first signal ratio space formed by the first B/G ratio and the first G/R ratio, and a difference between the first and third observation areas in the second signal ratio space is greater than a difference between the first and third observation areas in the first signal ratio space.

An embodiment comprises and apparatus having an image capture device with an image axis and a gyroscope operable to indicate the orientation of the image axis. An embodiment of a capsule endoscopy system comprises an imaging capsule and an external unit. The imaging capsule may comprise an image capture device having an image axis and a gyroscope operable to indicate the orientation of the image axis. The external unit may comprise a gyroscope operable to indicate an orientation of a subject and a harness wearable by a subject and operable to align the gyroscope with the subject. The imaging capsule may send and image to an external unit for processing and display, and the external unit may provide for calculation of the image-axis orientation relative to the body.