Shown is a compound represented by formula (1). For example, R.sup.1 is alkyl having 1 to 15 carbons; MES is a mesogen group having at least one ring; Sp.sup.1 is a single bond or alkylene having 1 to 10 carbons; M.sup.1 is methyl; and R.sup.2, M.sup.2 and M.sup.3 are hydrogen. ##STR00001##

Analgesic compounds for treatment of pain or fever that include a bicyclopentane moiety linked to an amine, combinations of the compounds with opioid analgesic drugs, and methods for treating pain or fever by administering a compound described herein.

Analgesic compounds for treatment of pain or fever that include a bicyclopentane moiety linked to an amine, combinations of the compounds with opioid analgesic drugs, and methods for treating pain or fever by administering a compound described herein.

Compounds of Formula (I):

##STR00001##

wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.3, R.sub.11, R.sub.12, X, Y.sub.1, Y.sub.2, Y.sub.3, Y.sub.4 and are as defined in the description. Medicinal products containing the same which are useful in treating conditions requiring anti-apoptotic inhibitors.

An oseltamivir analog and nanoparticles having the analog bound thereto, of the present invention, strongly bind to oseltamivir-resistant influenza virus, and thus, the use of the same can allow detection of oseltamivir-resistant influenza viruses quickly and conveniently with the naked eye. Therefore, the present invention can be favorably utilized in promptly establishing a therapeutic schedule for a patient infected with influenza viruses.

An oseltamivir analog and nanoparticles having the analog bound thereto, of the present invention, strongly bind to oseltamivir-resistant influenza virus, and thus, the use of the same can allow detection of oseltamivir-resistant influenza viruses quickly and conveniently with the naked eye. Therefore, the present invention can be favorably utilized in promptly establishing a therapeutic schedule for a patient infected with influenza viruses.

The present invention relates to a novel process for preparing substituted cyclohexane amino acid esters and spiroketal-substituted cyclic keto-enols, and to novel intermediates or starting compounds that are passed through or used in the process according to the invention.

The present invention relates to a novel process for preparing substituted cyclohexane amino acid esters and spiroketal-substituted cyclic keto-enols, and to novel intermediates or starting compounds that are passed through or used in the process according to the invention.

Analgesic compounds for treatment of pain or fever that include a bicyclopentane moiety linked to an amine, combinations of the compounds with opioid analgesic drugs, and methods for treating pain or fever by administering a compound described herein.

Analgesic compounds for treatment of pain or fever that include a bicyclopentane moiety linked to an amine, combinations of the compounds with opioid analgesic drugs, and methods for treating pain or fever by administering a compound described herein.