The invention relates to the use of ruthenium complexes, which are homogeneous catalysts and/or precatalysts of the olefin metathesis reaction, which lead to the production of alkenes containing an internal (non-terminal) double CC bond.

##STR00001##

The invention relates to the use of ruthenium complexes, which are homogeneous catalysts and/or precatalysts of the olefin metathesis reaction, which lead to the production of alkenes containing an internal (non-terminal) double CC bond.

##STR00001##

It is an object of the present invention to provide a composite oxide catalyst which can suppress the generation of CO.sub.2 and CO and improve the yield of an unsaturated nitrile in a method for subjecting propane or isobutane to a vapor-phase catalytic ammoxidation reaction to produce a corresponding unsaturated nitrile, and a method for producing the composite oxide catalyst, and a method for producing an unsaturated nitrile using the composite oxide catalyst. A composite oxide catalyst used for a vapor-phase catalytic oxidation reaction or vapor-phase catalytic ammoxidation reaction of propane or isobutane, the composite oxide catalyst comprising a composite oxide represented by the following composition formula (1):
Mo.sub.1V.sub.aSb.sub.bNb.sub.cW.sub.dZ.sub.eO.sub.n(1),
wherein the component Z is one or more element selected from the group consisting of La, Ce, Pr, Yb, Y, Sc, Sr, and Ba; a, b, c, d, e, and n represent atomic ratios of the elements; and 0.1a<0.2, 0.15b0.5, 0.01c 0.5, 0d0.4, 0e0.2, and 0.60<a/b<1.00.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a composite oxide catalyst which can suppress the generation of CO.sub.2 and CO and improve the yield of an unsaturated nitrile in a method for subjecting propane or isobutane to a vapor-phase catalytic ammoxidation reaction to produce a corresponding unsaturated nitrile, and a method for producing the composite oxide catalyst, and a method for producing an unsaturated nitrile using the composite oxide catalyst. A composite oxide catalyst used for a vapor-phase catalytic oxidation reaction or vapor-phase catalytic ammoxidation reaction of propane or isobutane, the composite oxide catalyst comprising a composite oxide represented by the following composition formula (1):
Mo.sub.1V.sub.aSb.sub.bNb.sub.cW.sub.dZ.sub.eO.sub.n(1),
wherein the component Z is one or more element selected from the group consisting of La, Ce, Pr, Yb, Y, Sc, Sr, and Ba; a, b, c, d, e, and n represent atomic ratios of the elements; and 0.1a<0.2, 0.15b0.5, 0.01c 0.5, 0d0.4, 0e0.2, and 0.60<a/b<1.00.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a composite oxide catalyst which can suppress the generation of CO.sub.2 and CO and improve the yield of an unsaturated nitrile in a method for subjecting propane or isobutane to a vapor-phase catalytic ammoxidation reaction to produce a corresponding unsaturated nitrile, and a method for producing the composite oxide catalyst, and a method for producing an unsaturated nitrile using the composite oxide catalyst. A composite oxide catalyst used for a vapor-phase catalytic oxidation reaction or vapor-phase catalytic ammoxidation reaction of propane or isobutane, the composite oxide catalyst comprising a composite oxide represented by the following composition formula (1):
Mo.sub.1V.sub.aSb.sub.bNb.sub.cW.sub.dZ.sub.eO.sub.n(1),
wherein the component Z is one or more element selected from the group consisting of La, Ce, Pr, Yb, Y, Sc, Sr, and Ba; a, b, c, d, e, and n represent atomic ratios of the elements; and 0.1a<0.2, 0.15b0.5, 0.01c 0.5, 0d0.4, 0e0.2, and 0.60<a/b<1.00.

The inventive concepts disclosed and/or claimed herein relate generally to catalysts and, more particularly, but not by way of limitation, to a heterogeneous, metal-free hydrogenation catalyst containing frustrated Lewis pairs. In one non-limiting embodiment, the heterogeneous, metal-free catalyst comprises hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) having frustrated Lewis pairs therein.

The inventive concepts disclosed and/or claimed herein relate generally to catalysts and, more particularly, but not by way of limitation, to a heterogeneous, metal-free hydrogenation catalyst containing frustrated Lewis pairs. In one non-limiting embodiment, the heterogeneous, metal-free catalyst comprises hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) having frustrated Lewis pairs therein.

The inventive concepts disclosed and/or claimed herein relate generally to catalysts and, more particularly, but not by way of limitation, to a heterogeneous, metal-free hydrogenation catalyst containing frustrated Lewis pairs. In one non-limiting embodiment, the heterogeneous, metal-free catalyst comprises hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) having frustrated Lewis pairs therein.

A compound represented by the formula below:

##STR00001##

wherein R is selected from the group consisting of benzyl, C.sub.3-11 alkyl, C.sub.3-11 alkenyl, C.sub.2-9 branched alkenyl, C.sub.3-9 branched alkyl, and CH.sub.2OAc.

A compound represented by the formula below:

##STR00001##

wherein R is selected from the group consisting of benzyl, C.sub.3-11 alkyl, C.sub.3-11 alkenyl, C.sub.2-9 branched alkenyl, C.sub.3-9 branched alkyl, and CH.sub.2OAc.