Disclosed is a visual imaging device based on PS-OCT for early demineralization and caries of dental hard tissues, comprising a laser light source for emitting a laser light, a coupler for receiving and dividing the laser light emitted by the laser light source into a reference laser light and a detection laser light; wherein the reference laser light backtracking to the coupler and the detection laser light backtracking to the coupler are coupled and then passed through a transmission grating and a convex lens to input as an optical signal into a linear CCD detector for converting the optical signal into an electrical signal which is then input to a computer control system and collected by a built-in capture card; and the computer is configured to perform a three-dimensional reconstruction of an image and perform two-dimensional cross-section image analysis; and the computer control system is connected to the scanning galvanometer to control a vibration of the scanning galvanometer. The device of the present application can be used for performing PS-OCT imaging detection of the dental hard tissue surface in the oral cavity of a subject. The computer control system automatically performs two-dimensional cross-section imaging and three-dimensional reconstruction imaging of the image, thereby completing a three-dimensional quantitative evaluation. The present application provides a new method for clinically detecting early demineralization of dental hard tissue with high resolution.

The disclosure relates to an endoscopic system that includes an image sensor, an emitter and an electromagnetic radiation driver. The image sensor includes a pixel array and is configured to generate and read out pixel data for an image based on electromagnetic radiation received by the pixel array. The pixel array includes a plurality of lines for reading out pixel data. The pixel array also has readout period that is the length of time for reading out all plurality of lines of pixel data in the pixel array. The emitter is configured to emit electromagnetic radiation for illumination of a scene observed by the image sensor. The electromagnetic radiation driver is configured to drive emissions by the emitter. The electromagnetic radiation driver includes a jitter specification less than or equal to about 10% to about 25% percent of the readout period of the pixel array of the image sensor.

A device for determining the surface topology and associated color of a structure, such as a teeth segment, includes a scanner for providing depth data for points along a two-dimensional array substantially orthogonal to the depth direction, and an image acquisition means for providing color data for each of the points of the array, while the spatial disposition of the device with respect to the structure is maintained substantially unchanged. A processor combines the color data and depth data for each point in the array, thereby providing a three-dimensional color virtual model of the surface of the structure. A corresponding method for determining the surface topology and associate color of a structure is also provided.

Exemplary apparatus for coupling to a probe and providing information regarding at least one structure can be provided. For example, the apparatus can include an electronics arrangement which is configured to obtain the information and transmit the information wirelessly, and a structural connection configuration which is structured and configured to be attached to the probe. The electronics arrangement can include a detector arrangement which is configured to detect at least one return radiation from at least one portion of at least one sample based on the predetermined patterns, and provide the data for the portion(s) based on the return radiation(s). In addition, a computer arrangement can be provided which is configured to generate the information with includes image data for the portion(s) as a function of the data and prior knowledge of the predetermined patterns.

An apparatus for intraoral scanning includes an elongate handheld wand that has a probe. One or more light projectors and two or more cameras are disposed within the probe. The light projectors each has a pattern generating optical element, which may use diffraction or refraction to form a light pattern. Each camera may be configured to focus between 1 mm and 30 mm from a lens that is farthest from the camera sensor. Other applications are also described.

The disclosure relates to an endoscopic system that includes an image sensor, an emitter and an electromagnetic radiation driver. The image sensor includes a pixel array and is configured to generate and read out pixel data for an image based on electromagnetic radiation received by the pixel array. The pixel array includes a plurality of lines for reading out pixel data. The pixel array also has readout period that is the length of time for reading out all the plurality of lines of pixel data in the pixel array. The emitter is configured to emit electromagnetic radiation for illumination of a scene observed by the image sensor. The electromagnetic radiation driver is configured to drive emissions by the emitter. The electromagnetic radiation driver includes a jitter specification that is less than or equal to about 10% to about 25% percent of the readout period of the pixel array of the image sensor.

An ingestible device is disclosed which can produce spectral data of one or more analytes, as well as associated methods for characterizing the gastrointestinal tract of a subject which contains such analytes. Related kits and systems are also disclosed.

An imaging device comprising an imaging module and at least one inflatable support element, able to cover and expose the imaging module upon inflation.

An apparatus for intraoral scanning comprises an elongate handheld wand comprising a probe at a distal end, one or more light projectors, and two or more cameras. Each light projector comprises at least one light source configured to generate light and a pattern generating optical element configured to generate a pattern of light when the light is transmitted through the pattern generating optical element. Each camera comprises a camera sensor and one or more lenses and is configured to capture a plurality of images that depict at least a portion of the projected pattern of light on an intraoral surface, wherein each camera is configured to focus at an object focal plane that is located between about 1 mm and about 30 mm from a lens of the one or more lenses that is farthest from the camera sensor.

The disclosed technology is directed to an endoscopic system comprises an endoscope having a shank and a photodetector engaged with one another and having an optical axis in a direction transverse to the shank. A display device for displaying an image acquired through the photodetector. A first probe is disposed in the endoscope on or around the optical axis at a position off the shank. A second probe is disposed in the endoscope at or near a position where the shank and the optical axis intersect with each other. A sensor for detecting the position of the first probe and the position of the second probe and a controller. The controller is configured to establish a first reference direction in an actual space. To acquire a direction from the second probe toward the first probe and to perform a process for indicating the first reference direction to a user.