An apparatus for providing a light output to an optical guide for illumination of an imaged object including a plurality of solid state light-emitting sources each of which are independently powered and independently controlled, each light-emitting source emitting light at a wavelength which is different from the wavelength emitted by the other light-emitting sources. The apparatus also includes a heat sink configured to thermally couple the plurality of solid state light-emitting sources and provide conduction of heat generated by the plurality of solid state light-emitting sources. The apparatus further includes an optical elements to collect, collimate, and combine the emissions from the plurality of solid state light-emitting sources into a combined beam of light to be optically coupled to the light guide.

The invention relates to an appliance for vaginal penetration, comprising a grip (2), said appliance being designed to receive a working tool, especially an insemination gun (4) that passes through the grip, characterised in that it comprises a guiding tube (8) extending the grip (2) in order to form a compact assembly, said guiding tube being designed so as to receive the front tip of the working tool (12) therein and receiving a video viewing means such as an endoscopy-type tube (14) comprising a lighting element on the front end thereof, the appliance for vaginal penetration comprising an electronic cell receiving the video images, provided with means for transmitting images to a remote screen.

The cooling unit includes: an opening part through which the cooling media flow in; a first flow path; a second flow path; a first heat generation section; a second heat generation section; a first heat dissipation section that is thermally connected to the first heat generation section, and is disposed in the first flow path; and a second heat dissipation section that is thermally connected to the second heat generation section, and is disposed in the second flow path. The second flow path is disposed between the first and second heat generation sections and the first flow path, and the first heat dissipation section has a thermal resistance value smaller than a thermal resistance value of the second heat dissipation section.

An object is to provide a laser treatment tool capable of guiding a plurality of fluids, a laser transmission path insertable into such a laser treatment tool, and an external tube for forming the laser transmission path. In an external tube 80 which forms a laser transmission path 70 together with a lengthy hollow waveguide path 90 for guiding treatment laser light 57a and has an inner insertion space 81 for allowing insertion of the hollow waveguide path 90, a plurality of sub passages 84 and cooling water passages 85 are provided outside the hollow waveguide path 90, inserted into the insertion space 81, along a longitudinal direction of the insertion space 81.

An endoscopic instrument includes a heat-generating component that is thermally coupled to a heat sink via a movable contact structure. The movable contact structure accommodates the relative motion between the thermal conduit and heat sink to maintain the thermal coupling between those elements, and prevent damage to such thermal coupling when the instrument is exposed to elevated temperatures, such as during autoclaving.

An optical medical instrument, in particular an endoscope or exoscope, has an elongate tubular shaft, a heat source generating lost heat, and a heat pipe which extends inside the shaft, in the longitudinal direction of the shaft, and has a distal heat pipe end and a proximal heat pipe end, wherein the heat pipe is thermally coupled to the heat source in order to collect heat from the latter and remove the heat from the heat source. Between the distal heat pipe end and the proximal heat pipe end, the heat pipe is coupled thermally conductively and two-dimensionally to the shaft over at least a partial length of the heat pipe and over at least a partial circumference of the heat pipe, in order to remove heat from the heat pipe, over at least a partial length and over at least a partial circumference of the shaft, to the environment.

An insertion apparatus includes an insertion section, a motor that rotates a rotational housing, a drive control unit that supplies a driving current to the motor to control driving of the motor, a driving current detector that detects the driving current flowing through the motor, a torque limit value storage unit that stores a torque limit value, a temperature detector detects a temperature of the rotational housing, a temperature measurement unit that measures a temperature in a vicinity of the rotational housing based on a detection result obtained from the temperature detector, and a torque limit value correction unit that corrects the torque limit value in accordance with the temperature measured by the temperature measurement unit.

An insertion apparatus includes an insertion section, a motor that rotates a rotational housing, a drive control unit that supplies a driving current to the motor to control driving of the motor, a temperature detector provided in the rotational housing, that detects a temperature of the rotational housing, a temperature measurement unit that measures a temperature in a vicinity of the rotational housing based on a detection result obtained from the temperature detector, a heating element used for heating, and a heating control unit that controls the heating element to perform heating when a measurement result of the temperature measurement unit is lower than a predetermined temperature.

An endoscope has an imaging unit at a tip portion of an insertion unit to be inserted into a body cavity, and the imaging unit includes: a solid-state imaging device which is disposed in such a manner that a photodetecting surface thereof crosses a longitudinal direction of the insertion unit and which performs photoelectric conversion on an optical image formed on the photodetecting surface; a circuit board having a connection surface which is opposed to a surface, opposite to the photodetecting surface and formed with connection terminals, of the solid-state imaging device and which serves for electrical connection to the connection terminals of the solid-state imaging device, wherein the circuit board is a rigid board that is L-shaped as defined herein; and a first leg and a second leg that constitute the L-shaped circuit board and are perpendicular to each other are provided as defined herein.

A medical control device includes: a captured image acquisition unit configured to acquire a captured image generated by an image sensor capturing a subject image introduced by an endoscope; a luminance calculation unit configured to calculate a luminance level of the subject image included in the captured image; and a dimming controller configured to control a light amount of irradiation light onto a subject and an electronic shutter of the image sensor based on the luminance level, and execute first dimming control of narrowing the electronic shutter before reducing the light amount as the luminance level increases.