The present disclosure relates to chemical catalysts and methods that may be used for the production and/or interconversion of olefins. In some embodiments, methods for producing propylene from ethylene and butene comprising, (a) obtaining a catalyst composition comprising an isomerization catalyst and a disproportionation catalyst, wherein the weight ratio of the isomerization catalyst to the disproportionation catalyst is from 10:1 to 1:10; and (b) reacting butene with ethylene at a temperature from about 500° F. (260° C.) to about 650° F. (350° C.) in the presence of the catalyst composition under conditions sufficient to produce propylene are provided.

Methods for producing ethylene using nanowires as heterogeneous catalysts are provided. The method includes, for example, an oxidative coupling of methane catalyzed by nanowires to provide ethylene.

A method is provided comprising exposing a supported heterogeneous metathesis catalyst to an olefin compound for an activation time at an activation temperature; exposing the activated supported heterogeneous metathesis catalyst to a reactant capable of undergoing a metathesis reaction for a reaction time at a reaction temperature to produce metathesis products; and exposing the deactivated supported heterogeneous metathesis catalyst to a regenerating compound for a regeneration time at a regeneration temperature. The activity of the regenerated supported heterogeneous metathesis catalyst may be substantially the same or greater than the activity of the activated supported heterogeneous metathesis catalyst prior to deactivation. The activation temperature may be greater than the reaction temperature. The regenerating compound may be a second olefin compound or an inert gas.

Methods of producing a light alkene. The method comprises contacting syngas and tungstated zirconia to produce a product stream comprising at least one light alkene. The product stream is recovered. Methods of converting syngas to a light alkene are also disclosed. The method comprises heating a precursor of tungstated zirconia to a temperature of between about 350° C. and about 550° C. to form tungstated zirconia. Syngas is flowed over the tungstated zirconia to produce a product stream comprising at least one light alkene and the product stream comprising the at least one light alkene is recovered.

Processes for the production of olefins are disclosed, which may include: contacting a hydrocarbon mixture comprising linear butenes with an isomerization catalyst to form an isomerization product comprising 2-butenes and 1-butenes; contacting the isomerization product with a first metathesis catalyst to form a first metathesis product comprising 2-pentene and propylene, as well as any unreacted C.sub.4 olefins, and byproducts ethylene and 3-hexene; and fractionating the first metathesis product to form a C3− fraction and a C5 fraction comprising 2-pentene. The 2-pentene may then be advantageously used to produce high purity 1-butene, 3-hexene, 1-hexene, propylene, or other desired products.

The present invention provides a process for the preparation of ethene by vapour phase chemical dehydration of a feed-stream comprising ethanol and optionally water and/or ethoxy ethane, said process comprising contacting a dried supported heteropolyacid catalyst in a reactor with the feed-stream having a feed temperature of at least 200° C.; wherein before the supported heteropolyacid catalyst is contacted with the feed-stream having a feed temperature of at least 200° C., the process is initiated by: (i) drying a supported heteropolyacid catalyst in a reactor under a stream of inert gas having a feed temperature of from above 100° C. to 200° C.; and (ii) contacting the dried supported heteropolyacid catalyst with an ethanol-containing vapour stream having a feed temperature of from above 100° C. to 160° C.

This disclosure relates to a single stage process for the direct conversion of alcohols, e.g. ethanol, to olefinic mixtures (C.sub.2-C.sub.7) with low levels of aromatics carried out in a single reactor with two fixed catalyst beds in series, or two catalytic fixed bed reactors in series wherein the first reactor operates at a lower or higher temperature than the operating temperature of the second reactor. The process transformation of ethanol is comprised of ethanol dehydration to ethylene and water in high yield with the first catalyst in the first reactor, or via the first fixed catalyst bed, followed by directly feeding the ethylene and water to the second reactor, or second fixed catalyst bed, with conversion of said ethylene and water to a C.sub.2-C.sub.7 olefinic mixture with the second catalyst(s) in high yields with minimal aromatic compound formation.

The present invention relates to a catalyst for dehydration of a primary alcohol, a method of preparing the same, and a method of producing an alpha-olefin using the same. The catalyst for dehydration of a primary alcohol according to the present invention has an excellent catalyst stability while having an excellent activity with respect to dehydration, and a high turnover frequency, such that a linear alpha-olefin with high purity may be produced with a high selectivity even in a case where a relatively small amount of a cocatalyst is added as compared with a homogeneous catalyst system.

Disclosed are a catalyst for oxidative coupling reaction of methane, a method for preparing the same, and a method for oxidative coupling reaction of methane using the same. The catalyst includes a mixed metal oxide, which is a mixed oxide of metals including sodium (Na), tungsten (W), manganese (Mn), barium (Ba) and titanium (Ti). It is possible to obtain paraffins, such as ethane and propane, and olefins, such as ethylene and propylene, with high efficiency through the method for oxidative coupling reaction of methane using the catalyst.

Catalytic forms and formulations are provided. The catalytic forms and formulations are useful in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane. Related methods for use and manufacture of the same are also disclosed.