This invention is directed to novel mixed transition metal iron (II/III) catalysts for the extraction of oxygen from CO.sub.2 and the selective reaction with organic compounds.

This invention is directed to novel mixed transition metal iron (II/III) catalysts for the extraction of oxygen from CO.sub.2 and the selective reaction with organic compounds.

A nickel-M-alumina hybrid xerogel catalyst for preparing methane, wherein the metal M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, Ni, Ce, La, Mo, Cs, Y, and Mg, a method for preparing the catalyst and a method for preparing methane using the catalyst are provided. The catalyst has strong resistance against a high-temperature sintering reaction and deposition of carbon species, and can effectively improve a conversion ratio of carbon monoxide and selectivity to methane.

An ethylbenzene dehydrogenation catalyst, a preparation method therefor, and the use thereof are provided. The catalyst includes Fe.sub.2O.sub.3, K.sub.2O, CeO.sub.2, MoO.sub.3 and CaO. The exposed crystal face area of CeO.sub.2 (100) accounts for 60% or more of the total exposed crystal face area of CeO.sub.2. The catalyst is used in a reaction for preparing styrene by means of dehydrogenating ethylbenzene at a low water ratio, and has high activity and stability.

Disclosed is a catalyst for methanation reaction producing methane with high conversion by reaction of hydrogen with carbon dioxide, or a gas mixture of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, or a gas mixture containing these compounds as the main components. The catalyst is prepared by the steps of mixing (A) aqueous zirconia sol with salts of (B) stabilizing element(s), which is selected from the group consisting of Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy, Ca and Mg, and (C) iron group element(s), drying and calcining the mixture to obtain a catalyst precursor, and subsequent reduction of the precursor. The catalyst comprises, by atomic %, A: 18-70%, B: 1-20% and C: 25-80% based on the elemental states of the metals. The catalyst is characterized by multiple oxide of tetragonal zirconia structure, in which not only the stabilizing element(s) but also a part of the iron group element(s) is incorporated, and on which the iron group element(s) in the metallic state is supported.

Disclosed is a catalyst for methanation reaction producing methane with high conversion by reaction of hydrogen with carbon dioxide, or a gas mixture of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, or a gas mixture containing these compounds as the main components. The catalyst is prepared by the steps of mixing (A) aqueous zirconia sol with salts of (B) stabilizing element(s), which is selected from the group consisting of Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy, Ca and Mg, and (C) iron group element(s), drying and calcining the mixture to obtain a catalyst precursor, and subsequent reduction of the precursor. The catalyst comprises, by atomic %, A: 18-70%, B: 1-20% and C: 25-80% based on the elemental states of the metals. The catalyst is characterized by multiple oxide of tetragonal zirconia structure, in which not only the stabilizing element(s) but also a part of the iron group element(s) is incorporated, and on which the iron group element(s) in the metallic state is supported.

A methanation reaction catalyst for methanation by allowing carbon dioxide to react with hydrogen, wherein the methanation reaction catalyst includes a stabilized zirconia support having a tetragonal crystal structure and in which Ca and Ni are incorporated in the crystal structure, and Ni in the metal state supported on the stabilized zirconia support, includes the following in atomic % based on metals in the element state, A) Zr composing the stabilized zirconia support: 6 to 62 atomic %, B) Ca incorporated in the crystal structure: 1 to 20 atomic %, and C) a total of Ni incorporated in the crystal structure and Ni supported on the stabilized zirconia support: 30 to 90 atomic %, and the atomic ratio of Ca/(Zr+Ca) is 0.14 to 0.25.

A catalyst composition and process for preparing it and for using it to enhance the selectivity to light (C2 to C3) olefins in a Fischer-Tropsch conversion of synthesis gas is disclosed. The catalyst composition is an iron-based catalyst on an yttria/zirconia support. In a Fischer-Tropsch reaction the selectivity to ethylene may be enhanced by at least 20 mole percent and to propylene by at least 4 mole percent, in comparison with use of an otherwise identical catalyst that is free of yttria, in an otherwise identical Fischer-Tropsch reaction.

The invention relates to a method for operating a dehydrogenation reactor for the dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons is provided wherein the dehydrogenation reactor comprises a potassium promoted iron oxide catalyst, the hydrocarbons being dehydrogenated in contact with the catalyst and carbon dioxide is introduced during a) start-up of the reactor, b) shut-down of the reactor, and c) steaming procedures, wherein the carbon dioxide is introduced in conjunction with steam in at least one method step.

Disclosed is a catalyst for methanation reaction producing methane with high conversion by reaction of hydrogen with carbon dioxide, or a gas mixture of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, or a gas mixture containing these compounds as the main components. The catalyst is prepared by the steps of mixing (A) aqueous zirconia sol with salts of (B) stabilizing element(s), which is selected from the group consisting of Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy, Ca and Mg, and (C) iron group element(s), drying and calcining the mixture to obtain a catalyst precursor, and subsequent reduction of the precursor. The catalyst comprises, by atomic %, A: 18-70%, B: 1-20% and C: 25-80% based on the elemental states of the metals. The catalyst is characterized by multiple oxide of tetragonal zirconia structure, in which not only the stabilizing element (s) but also a part of the iron group element(s) is incorporated, and on which the iron group element(s) in the metallic state is supported.