An object of the present invention is to provide an organic electroluminescent element containing an organic layer interposed between an anode and a cathode, the organic layer containing at least one light emitting layer, wherein the at least one light emitting layer contains a -conjugated compound having an electron donor portion and an electron acceptor portion in the molecule; the -conjugated compound has a direction vector from an atom having a HOMO orbital in the electron donor portion to an electron cloud of the HOMO orbital, and a direction vector from an atom having a LUMO orbital in the electron acceptor portion to an electron cloud of the LUMO orbital, and the two direction vectors form an angle in the range of 90 to 180 degrees; and the -conjugated compound has a plurality of the electron donor portions or a plurality of the electron acceptor portions.

An object of the present invention is to provide an organic electroluminescent element containing an organic layer interposed between an anode and a cathode, the organic layer containing at least one light emitting layer, wherein the at least one light emitting layer contains a -conjugated compound having an electron donor portion and an electron acceptor portion in the molecule; the -conjugated compound has a direction vector from an atom having a HOMO orbital in the electron donor portion to an electron cloud of the HOMO orbital, and a direction vector from an atom having a LUMO orbital in the electron acceptor portion to an electron cloud of the LUMO orbital, and the two direction vectors form an angle in the range of 90 to 180 degrees; and the -conjugated compound has a plurality of the electron donor portions or a plurality of the electron acceptor portions.

A compound having a structure of Formula I,

##STR00001##

is provided. In Formula I, Z.sup.1 to Z.sup.16 are each CR or N; three consecutive ones of Z.sup.1 to Z.sup.16 within the same ring cannot be N; each R is independently a hydrogen or a substituent selected from a variety of substituents; at least one R includes and electron donor substituent; at least one R includes an electron acceptor substituent; and any two Rs on the same ring can be joined or fused together to form a ring. Organic light emitting devices, consumer products, formulations, and chemical structures containing the compounds are also disclosed.

A compound having a structure of Formula I,

##STR00001##

is provided. In Formula I, Z.sup.1 to Z.sup.16 are each CR or N; three consecutive ones of Z.sup.1 to Z.sup.16 within the same ring cannot be N; each R is independently a hydrogen or a substituent selected from a variety of substituents; at least one R includes and electron donor substituent; at least one R includes an electron acceptor substituent; and any two Rs on the same ring can be joined or fused together to form a ring. Organic light emitting devices, consumer products, formulations, and chemical structures containing the compounds are also disclosed.

The present invention provides novel phenazine derivatives, such as compounds of Formula (I) (e.g., Formulae (II)-(XIX)), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The compounds of the invention are expected to be antimicrobial agents and may act by a microbial warfare strategy (e.g., a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-based competition strategy). The present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions, kits, uses, and methods that involve the compounds of the invention and may be useful in preventing or treating a microbial infection (e.g., a bacterial infection or mycobacterial infection) in a subject, inhibiting the growth and/or reproduction of a microorganism (e.g., a bacterium or mycobacterium), killing a microorganism (e.g., a bacterium or mycobacterium), inhibiting the formation and/or growth of a biofilm, reducing or clearing a biofilm, and/or disinfecting a surface.

The present invention provides novel phenazine derivatives, such as compounds of Formula (I) (e.g., Formulae (II)-(XIX)), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The compounds of the invention are expected to be antimicrobial agents and may act by a microbial warfare strategy (e.g., a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-based competition strategy). The present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions, kits, uses, and methods that involve the compounds of the invention and may be useful in preventing or treating a microbial infection (e.g., a bacterial infection or mycobacterial infection) in a subject, inhibiting the growth and/or reproduction of a microorganism (e.g., a bacterium or mycobacterium), killing a microorganism (e.g., a bacterium or mycobacterium), inhibiting the formation and/or growth of a biofilm, reducing or clearing a biofilm, and/or disinfecting a surface.

The present invention provides nucleic acid probes comprising two quenchers of excited state energy, and methods of their use.

The present invention provides nucleic acid probes comprising two quenchers of excited state energy, and methods of their use.

Provided herein is an inhalable composition of clofazimine. Further provided herein are methods of producing the inhalable clofazimine composition by jet milling. Also provided herein are methods of treating pulmonary diseases by administering the inhalable clofazimine composition.

The present invention relates to an oligomer-based organic battery materials, cathode active material, cathode and secondary battery comprising such material, and a process for preparing such materials.