The present invention relates to a class of compounds represented by the formula I, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, methods for their preparation, and application as small molecule tools that function as GPR84 agonists, and their use in preparing a medicament for the treatment of septicemia.

##STR00001##

The present invention provides a compound having an excellent efficacy for controlling weeds. A pyrone compound of formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein m is 1, 2 or 3; n is an integer of any one of 1 to 5; X represents O, S, S(O) or S(O).sub.2; R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom, an C.sub.1-6 alkyl group and the like; R.sup.4 represents an C.sub.6-10 aryl group or a five- to six-membered heteroaryl group; G represents a hydrogen atom and the like; Z represents a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, a phenyl group, an C.sub.1-6 alkyl group and the like;
is useful as an active ingredient for herbicides.

The present invention provides a compound having an excellent efficacy for controlling weeds. A pyrone compound of formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein m is 1, 2 or 3; n is an integer of any one of 1 to 5; X represents O, S, S(O) or S(O).sub.2; R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom, an C.sub.1-6 alkyl group and the like; R.sup.4 represents an C.sub.6-10 aryl group or a five- to six-membered heteroaryl group; G represents a hydrogen atom and the like; Z represents a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, a phenyl group, an C.sub.1-6 alkyl group and the like;
is useful as an active ingredient for herbicides.

Therapeutic compositions comprising one or more agents that inhibit CXXC5-DVL interface, and methods of administering those therapeutic compositions to model, treat, reduce resistance to treatment, prevent, and diagnose a condition/disease associated with a metabolic disease or a related clinical condition thereof, are disclosed.

Therapeutic compositions comprising one or more agents that inhibit CXXC5-DVL interface, and methods of administering those therapeutic compositions to model, treat, reduce resistance to treatment, prevent, and diagnose a condition/disease associated with a metabolic disease or a related clinical condition thereof, are disclosed.

A method for the prevention of filariasis includes administering to a subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the general formula (1) ##STR00001##
or at least one of racemates, enantiomers, diastereomers, solvates, hydrates, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and esters of general formula (1), wherein, R is selected from the group comprising n-propyl, n-butyl, and at least one of structural elements (2a), (2b), (3a), (3b), (4), (5), (6a), (6b), (7a), and (7b): ##STR00002## ##STR00003##

A method for the prevention of filariasis includes administering to a subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the general formula (1) ##STR00001##
or at least one of racemates, enantiomers, diastereomers, solvates, hydrates, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, and esters of general formula (1), wherein, R is selected from the group comprising n-propyl, n-butyl, and at least one of structural elements (2a), (2b), (3a), (3b), (4), (5), (6a), (6b), (7a), and (7b): ##STR00002## ##STR00003##

Novel heterocyclo compounds represented by Formula I wherein X, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and n are as described herein are provided. The compounds may be prepared as pharmaceutical compositions, and may be used for the prevention and treatment of a variety of cancer conditions in mammals including humans, including prostate, colon, bladder, melanoma, liver, breast, cervical, ovarian, esophagi, glialblastoma, pancreatic and lung cancer.

The present invention is directed to HIF inhibitors and methods of preventing cell proliferation, reducing inflammation, and treating an angiogenic disease or disorders.

A method to prepare coumalic acid comprising (a) heating a solution in dichloroethane of malic acid and sulfuric acid or a solution in dichloroethane of malic acid and a perfluorosulfonic acid or (b) adding an acid comprising sulfuric acid or a perfluorosulfonic acid to a solution of malic acid in dichloroethane to yield a solution that is heated for a period of time so as to convert the malic acid into a major amount of coumalic acid and, optionally, a minor amount of fumaric acid.