The present invention relates to a synthesis of chromanones or chromanes in a stereospecific matter in view of the 2-position in the chromanone or chromane ring. It has been found that this synthesis is particularly possible in the presence of a chiral compound of formula of a specific type and of at least one phenol or thiophenol.

The present invention relates to a synthesis of chromanones or chromanes in a stereospecific matter in view of the 2-position in the chromanone or chromane ring. It has been found that this synthesis is particularly possible in the presence of a chiral compound of formula of a specific type and of at least one phenol or thiophenol.

The present invention relates to a synthesis of chromanones or chromanes in a stereospecific matter in view of the 2-position in the chromanone or chromane ring. It has been found that this synthesis is particularly possible in the presence of a chiral compound of formula of a specific type and of at least one urea or thiourea.

The present invention relates to a synthesis of chromanones or chromanes in a stereospecific matter in view of the 2-position in the chromanone or chromane ring. It has been found that this synthesis is particularly possible in the presence of a chiral compound of formula of a specific type and of at least one urea or thiourea.

Compounds having the following structure (I): ##STR00001##
or a stereoisomer, tautomer or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 or R.sup.3 is —P(═O)(OH).sub.2, and the other two of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each H, are provided. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, and methods for use of the compounds for treating diseases associated with overexpression of a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) are also provided.

The present invention provides PI3K protein kinase modulators, methods of preparing them, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and methods of treatment, prevention and/or amelioration of kinase mediated diseases or disorders with them.

The present invention provides PI3K protein kinase modulators, methods of preparing them, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and methods of treatment, prevention and/or amelioration of kinase mediated diseases or disorders with them.

The invention generally relates to methods of making substituted arenes via direct C—H, C—O, C—S, or C—N bond conversion and methods of synthesizing isotopically-labeled substituted arenes via direct carbon-halogen bond conversion. The invention also relates to anaerobic catalyst systems comprising an acridinium photocatalyst and a nucleophile selected from a halide, a cyanide, and an isotopically-labeled amine. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

The invention generally relates to methods of making substituted arenes via direct C—H, C—O, C—S, or C—N bond conversion and methods of synthesizing isotopically-labeled substituted arenes via direct carbon-halogen bond conversion. The invention also relates to anaerobic catalyst systems comprising an acridinium photocatalyst and a nucleophile selected from a halide, a cyanide, and an isotopically-labeled amine. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

The present invention relates to a novel TNF activity inhibitor compound and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a method for prevention, alleviation or treatment comprising administering the compound of the present invention, a method for preparing the compound of the present invention, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound.