This invention provides for prodrug Compounds I, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and their use in treating HIV infection. ##STR00001##
wherein: X is C or N with the proviso that when X is N, R.sup.1 does not exist; W is C or N with the proviso that when W is N, R.sup.2 does not exist; V is C; E is hydrogen or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and Y is selected from the group consisting of ##STR00002## Also, this invention provides for intermediate Compounds II useful in making prodrug Compounds I. ##STR00003##
wherein: L and M are independently selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, trialkylsilyl, -2,2,2-trichloroethoxy and 2-trimethylsilylethoxy.

The present invention relates to a lithium secondary battery. The lithium secondary battery includes a positive electrode including a positive active material; a negative electrode including a negative active material; and an electrolyte including a non-aqueous organic solvent, a lithium salt, and an additive including a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1. The negative active material includes Si at about 0.1 wt % to about 32 wt % in amount based on a total weight of the negative active material. ##STR00001## wherein, in Chemical Formula 1, A is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic chain or (—C.sub.2H.sub.4—O—C.sub.2H.sub.4-)n, and n is an integer from 1 to 10.

A non-aqueous electrolyte for a lithium-ion battery and a lithium-ion battery. The non-aqueous electrolyte comprises unsaturated phosphate compounds and unsaturated cyclic carboxylic acid anhydride compounds. The unsaturated phosphate compounds have the structure illustrated in structural formula 4; structural formula 4: R.sub.13, R.sub.11, and R.sub.12 are independently selected from hydrocarbon groups having 1-5 carbon atoms respectively, and at least one of R.sub.13, R.sub.11, and R.sub.12 is an unsaturated hydrocarbon group containing double bonds or triple bonds; the unsaturated cyclic carboxylic acid anhydride compounds have the structure illustrated in structural formula 5; structural formula 5: R.sub.14 is independently selected from vinylidene having 2-4 carbon atoms or fluoro-substituted vinylidene. By means of the synergistic effect of two compounds, the non-aqueous electrolyte has excellent high-temperature cycling performance and storage performance, and also has lower impedance and good low-temperature performance. ##STR00001##

An electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery according to exemplary embodiments of the present inventing includes an organic solvent, a lithium salt, a first additive represented by a predetermined chemical formula, and a second additive represented by a predetermined chemical formula. A protective film is formed by the additives to suppress an expansion of a lithium secondary battery and improve storage property at high temperature.

The present invention concerns a pet litter comprising a composition comprising 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-methanol. The present invention further relates to methods and uses of a composition comprising 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-methanol in pet litters, in particular for promoting in-litter elimination by pets.

A drug or agent containing a compound having an agonistic activity to STING as an active ingredient, where the compound is represented by the following general formula (I-1):

##STR00001## wherein all symbols represent the same meanings as described in the specification, and the compound can be used as an active ingredient of an agent for suppressing the progression of, suppressing the recurrence of and/or treating cancer or infectious disease.

A non-aqueous electrolyte for a lithium-ion battery and a lithium-ion battery. The non-aqueous electrolyte includes an unsaturated phosphate compound and a cyclic unsaturated carboxylic anhydride compound. The unsaturated phosphate compound has a structure represented by structural formula (4). R.sub.13, R.sub.11 and R.sub.12 are each independently selected from a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and at least one of R.sub.13, R.sub.11 and R.sub.12 is an unsaturated hydrocarbon group having a double bond or a triple bond. The unsaturated cyclic carboxylic anhydride compound having a structure represented by Structural Formula 5. R.sub.14 is selected from the group consisting of an alkenylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms or a fluorinated alkenylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms. By means of the synergistic effect of two compounds, the non-aqueous electrolyte has excellent high-temperature cycling performance and storage performance, and also has lower impedance and good low-temperature performance. ##STR00001##

Diphosphites having an open, 3-methylated outer unit and use thereof in hydroformylation.

A drug or agent containing a compound having an agonistic activity to STING as an active ingredient, where the compound is represented by the following general formula (I-1):

##STR00001##

wherein all symbols represent the same meanings as described in the specification, and the compound can be used as an active ingredient of an agent for suppressing the progression of, suppressing the recurrence of and/or treating cancer or infectious disease.

A non-aqueous electrolyte for a lithium-ion battery and a lithium-ion battery. The non-aqueous electrolyte includes an unsaturated phosphate compound and a cyclic unsaturated carboxylic anhydride compound. The unsaturated phosphate compound has a structure represented by structural formula (4). R.sub.13, R.sub.11 and R.sub.12 are each independently selected from a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and at least one of R.sub.13, R.sub.11 and R.sub.12 is an unsaturated hydrocarbon group having a double bond or a triple bond. The unsaturated cyclic carboxylic anhydride compound having a structure represented by Structural Formula 5. R.sub.14 is selected from the group consisting of an alkenylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms or a fluorinated alkenylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms. By means of the synergistic effect of two compounds, the non-aqueous electrolyte has excellent high-temperature cycling performance and storage performance, and also has lower impedance and good low-temperature performance.

##STR00001##