A peptide and a peptide complex of the present invention exhibit an anti-obesity effect by inhibiting fat accumulation and decomposing already accumulated fat, and exhibit an excellent effect with respect to diabetes by effectively reducing blood sugar. The peptide and the peptide complex of the present invention decrease the expression of PPAR, ACC, and aP2, which are adipogenic markers, increase the expression of pHSL, AMPK-1, CGI-58, and ATGL, which are lipolytic factors, and reduce the size of fat cells and blood cholesterol values. The peptide and the peptide complex of the present invention, which have excellent activity and safety, can be advantageously applied to drugs and quasi-drugs.

An antibody prodrug capable of being selectively activated in a central nervous system (CNS) by protease KLK6 includes an antibody for treating a disease or disorder in the CNS; a KLK6 cleavable peptide fused to an N-terminus of a heavy chain and/or a light chain of the antibody; and a blocker fused to an N-terminus of the KLK6 cleavable peptide. The disease or disorder is a cancer, inflammatory disease, autoimmune disease, infectious disease, or neuron degeneration disease.

Disclosed are methods for treating Set1/COMPASS-associated cancers characterized by expression of Set1B/COMPASS. The methods typically include administering a therapeutic amount of an inhibitor of the Set1B/COMPASS pathway and/or an agonist for a target that is negatively regulated by the Set1B/COMPASS pathway.

Engineered pancreatic islet organoids encoding a polypeptide not endogenously expressed in pancreatic islet cells and methods for using them to treat diseases and disorders associated with reduced or absent expression of the polypeptide are provided.

This document provides butyrylcholinesterases having an enhanced ability to hydrolyze acyl ghrelin as well as nucleic acids encoding such butyrylcholinesterases. This document also provides methods and materials for treating obesity and/or aggression. For example, methods for administering a nucleic acid encoding a wild-type or mutant butyrylcholinesterase having the ability to hydrolyze acyl ghrelin to a mammal under conditions wherein the level of acyl ghrelin within the mammal is reduced, under conditions wherein the rate of body weight gain of the mammal is reduced, under conditions wherein the mammal's level of aggression is reduced, and/or under conditions wherein the mammal's rate of developing stress-induced tissue damage are provided.

Disclosed herein are immunoglobulin constructs comprising at least one immunoglobulin domain or fragment thereof; and a therapeutic polypeptide or derivative or variant thereof attached to or inserted into said immunoglobulin domain. Also provided are immunoglobulin constructs comprising a mammalian immunoglobulin heavy chain comprising at least a portion of a knob domain in the complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3H) or fragment thereof; and a therapeutic polypeptide attached to or inserted into the CDR3H. Also provided are immunoglobulin constructs comprising a mammalian immunoglobulin heavy chain comprising at least a portion of a stalk domain in the complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3H) or fragment thereof; and a therapeutic polypeptide attached to or inserted into said stalk domain of the CDR3H. Also described herein are methods and compositions comprising the immunoglobulin constructs described herein for treatment and prevention of a disease or condition in a subject.

The present invention provides a plant expressing a target protein, a method of preparing the same and a method of preparing a composition for oral administration of a biopharmaceutical using the same. A target protein expression system using plant cells according to the present invention solves conventional problems in plant cell culture, provides a method of producing a large quantity of target proteins including a biopharmaceutical protein and allowing a target protein to have a resistance to a protease present in a digestive organ, and therefore is very effective to enable commercialization of plant-derived biopharmaceuticals.

The invention relates to fusion polypeptides comprising the extracellular domain of growth hormone linked either directly or indirectly to a polypeptide wherein the polypeptide is not growth hormone.

The present invention relates to a nucleic acid molecule comprising a low repetitive nucleotide sequence encoding a proline/alanine-rich amino acid repeat sequence. The encoded polypeptide comprises a repetitive amino acid sequence that forms a random coil. The nucleic acid molecule comprising said low repetitive nucleotide sequences can further comprise a nucleotide sequence encoding a biologically or pharmacologically active protein. Further, the present invention provides for selection means and methods to identify said nucleic acid molecule comprising said low repetitive nucleotide sequence. The present invention also relates to a method for preparing said nucleic acid molecules. Also provided herein are methods for preparing the encoded polypeptide or drug conjugates with the encoded polypeptide using the herein provided nucleic acid molecules. The drug conjugate may comprise a biologically or pharmacologically active protein or a small molecule drug. Also provided herein are vectors and hosts comprising such nucleic acid molecules.

The present invention relates to a fusion protein comprising at least two cytokines, of which at least one is a modified cytokine with a strongly reduced binding affinity to its receptor, or to one of its receptors. Preferably, both cytokines are connected by a linker, preferably a GGS linker. The invention relates further to said fusion protein for use in treatment of diseases.