An example monitoring device for detecting and measuring a vital sign of a subject includes: a base; a battery mounted to the base; first and second transceivers attached to the base at opposing angles, and powered by the battery to transmit pulses and receive reflected pulses; an antenna powered by the battery, and configured to wirelessly transmit data acquired from the first and second transceivers; and a computing device powered by the battery, and operatively coupled to the first and second transceivers and the antenna, the computing device having a processing device and a memory storing instructions that, when executed by the processing device, cause the monitoring device to determine a respiration rate by detecting a cyclical change in distance based on the reflected pulses.

An apparatus for assisting in providing patient ventilations includes electrodes configured to provide airflow activities signals, chest compression sensors configured to provide chest displacement signals due to chest compressions, a processor and a memory configured to receive the airflow activities and chest displacement signals, identify a presence of chest compressions based on the chest displacement signals, subsequently confirm an absence of chest compressions applied to the patient based on the chest displacement signals, adjust signal processing parameters for the airflow activities signals in response to the confirmed absence of chest compressions, and process the airflow activities signals using the adjusted signal processing parameters to determine feedback for providing the patient ventilations in the absence of chest compressions, and an output device coupled to the processor and the memory and configured to provide the ventilation feedback.

A leadwire for physiological patient monitoring is provided that transfers potentials received at a chest electrode to a data acquisition device. The leadwire includes an electrode end connectable to the chest electrode and a first conductive layer extending from the electrode end. The leadwire also has a device end connectable to a data acquisition device and a second conductive layer extending from the device end. The first conductive layer is galvanically isolated from the second conductive layer such that the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer form a capacitor.

A system and method for prompting a patient experiencing ventilatory depression to breathe includes at least one sensor for detecting ventilatory depression by detecting inadequate breathing or lack of breathing in the patient. The system also includes one or more sensors for determining the type of breathing problem experienced by the patient. A sensor for detecting motion of the patient is used to determine whether the patient is moving. If inadequate or a lack of breathing is detected and the patient is not moving, the system provides verbal prompts or tactile stimuli to prompt the patient to breathe to improve patient ventilation.

A system includes an electrical tomography system and a volume estimation system. The volume estimation system is configured to reconstruct an initial impedance image based at least partially on received electrical tomography data of a domain, receive prior information associated with the domain, enhance the initial impedance image based at least partially on the received prior information to generate an enhanced impedance image, and based at least partially on the enhanced initial impedance image, generate a volumetric image of a region of interest of the enhanced impedance image, wherein the volumetric image represents a plurality of values indicating a volume of a fluid.

A method of treating a patient, comprising: sensing a biological parameter indicative of respiration; analyzing the biological parameter to identify a respiratory cycle; identifying an inspiratory phase of the respiratory cycle; and delivering stimulation to a hypoglossal nerve of the patient, wherein stimulation is delivered if a duration of the inspiratory phase of the respiratory cycle is greater than a predetermined portion of a duration of the entire respiratory cycle.

Methods and systems for high fidelity electrical tomographic processes are provided for herein. Specifically, the use of a purpose-selected fluid configuration is described, used to fill the void space between mechanically fixed sensing electrodes and the target object to sense and reconstruct. In some embodiments, this fluid configuration enhances or masks changes in electrical measurements in response to certain materials known or suspected to exist within the sensed volume. In other embodiments, a plurality of fluid configurations may be employed to improve the quality of reconstruction, or resolve additional spatial dimensions. Exemplary applications in medicine and manufacturing are also provided.

Computer implemented methods and systems are provided that comprise, under control of one or more processors of a medical device, where the one or more processors are configured with specific executable instructions. The methods and systems obtain motion data indicative of at least one of a posture or a respiration cycle; obtain cardiac activity (CA) signals for a series of beats; identify whether a characteristic of interest (COI) from at least a first segment of the CA signals exceeds a COI limit; analyze the motion data to determine whether at least one of the posture or respiration cycle at least in part caused the COI to exceed the COI limit. Based on the analyzing operation, the methods and systems automatically adjust a CA sensing parameter utilized by the medical device to detect R-waves in subsequent CA signals; and detect an arrhythmia based on a presence or absence of one or more of the R-waves in at least a second segment of the CA signals.

An example system includes memory configured to store a plurality of lead impedances (LeadZs) and processing circuitry communicatively coupled to the memory. The processing circuitry is configured to determine a first sensed LeadZ, and determine a second sensed LeadZ. The processing circuitry is configured to determine a first difference between the first sensed LeadZ and the second sensed LeadZ, and determine a parameter based at least in part on the first difference. The first sensed LeadZ and the second sensed LeadZ are sensed during a same first cardiac cycle or adjacent cardiac cycles of a heart that is receiving pacing.

A method of measuring a bio signal using a bio signal measuring apparatus includes: positioning electrodes included as part of the bio signal measuring apparatus to contact a surface of an examinee; switching an impedance measurer included as part of the bio signal measuring apparatus and including a voltmeter and a current source; measuring a first impedance value of the examinee while operating the impedance measurer according to a first mode; switching the impedance measurer to a second mode; measuring a second impedance value of the examinee while operating the impedance measurer according to a second mode; and obtaining bio impedance of the examinee based on the first and second impedance values and an internal impedance of the current source.