The present disclosure may generally relate to the field of polymer synthesis and provide a method for preparing branched poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) at room temperature by inverse emulsion polymerization. The method may include: using benzoyl peroxide as an oxidant, and 2-methyl-N-[3-(methyl-phenyl-amino)-propyl]-acrylamide as a reductant monomer to form a redox initiation system, water, and toluene as media, a nonionic surfactant as an emulsifier, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate as a monomer, reacting at room temperature and normal pressure to obtain branched poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate). In the present disclosure, the polymerization system may be simple and stable, and the synthesis and purification of the reductant monomer may be simple, greatly reducing the polymerization cost. The reaction may not need temperature control and pressure control, with low energy consumption, easy operation, and less impact on the environment. The obtained branched poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) may have a high molecular weight. The molecular weight and a branching degree may be adjusted in a wide range. The method may be of great significance to the theoretical research and large-scale application of branched poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate).

A method for manufacturing a graft polymer, that ensures more stable progress of a living radical polymerization by using a monomer structural unit containing an iodine initiating group as an initiator, includes performing a living radical polymerization of a compound with a vinyl monomer by an organic catalyst to manufacture the graft polymer. The compound has a recurring unit represented by a formula (1) below in a main chain: ##STR00001## where, R.sup.1: linking group (linear, branched, or cyclic alkylene group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms that may contain an ether bond, an amide bond, or an ester bond, an aromatic group), R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6: an aromatic group, an aliphatic group, a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic group, and n=1 to 5.

Temperature-responsive poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) and a preparation method thereof are disclosed. In the preparation method, with a system consisting of benzoyl peroxide (BPO) (an oxidant) and 2-methyl-N-[3-(methyl-phenyl-amino)-propyl]-acrylamide (MPAEMA) or 2-methyl-N-[3-(methyl-phenyl-amino)-propyl]-propionamide (MEMA) (a reducing agent monomer) as a redox initiation system, water and toluene as media, a nonionic surfactant as an emulsifier, and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as a polymerization monomer, polymerization is conducted at room temperature and atmospheric pressure to obtain the PHEMA. An alcohol solution of the PHEMA has an upper critical solution temperature (UCST). The method has the advantages of simple and stable polymerization system, low polymerization cost, easy operation, mild conditions, small impact on the environment, and low energy consumption. Moreover, a molecular weight and UCST of a product are controllable within a specified range.

Temperature-responsive poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) and a preparation method thereof are disclosed. In the preparation method, with a system consisting of benzoyl peroxide (BPO) (an oxidant) and 2-methyl-N-[3-(methyl-phenyl-amino)-propyl]-acrylamide (MPAEMA) or 2-methyl-N-[3-(methyl-phenyl-amino)-propyl]-propionamide (MEMA) (a reducing agent monomer) as a redox initiation system, water and toluene as media, a nonionic surfactant as an emulsifier, and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as a polymerization monomer, polymerization is conducted at room temperature and atmospheric pressure to obtain the PHEMA. An alcohol solution of the PHEMA has an upper critical solution temperature (UCST). The method has the advantages of simple and stable polymerization system, low polymerization cost, easy operation, mild conditions, small impact on the environment, and low energy consumption. Moreover, a molecular weight and UCST of a product are controllable within a specified range.

A resin composition is based on a resin chosen from the group consisting of unsaturated polyester resins and vinyl ester resins, a crosslinking initiator and a crosslinking agent of general formula R.sub.1—X—R.sub.2, in which X is an optionally substituted alkylene group and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are, independently of one another, an acrylate, methacrylate or vinyl group, an alkenyl group bearing an unsaturated carbon at the chain end, or an alkynyl group bearing an unsaturated carbon at the chain end.

A resin composition is based on a resin chosen from the group consisting of unsaturated polyester resins and vinyl ester resins, a crosslinking initiator and a crosslinking agent of general formula R.sub.1—X—R.sub.2, in which X is an optionally substituted alkylene group and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are, independently of one another, an acrylate, methacrylate or vinyl group, an alkenyl group bearing an unsaturated carbon at the chain end, or an alkynyl group bearing an unsaturated carbon at the chain end.

Disclosed is a process that utilizes a modified Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) process to form a water-resistant coating in situ on a substrate. The process uses solvent soluble monomers, initiator and ligand to form a solvent insoluble water-resistant polymer coating that is deposited directly onto a metal trace on the substrate. The process is especially useful for providing a water-resistant coating to the circuits on a printed circuit board, wearable electronics, and biological sensors. The process can be run in an aqueous solvent in the open atmosphere and does not require a vacuum, heating steps or masking. The coating is deposited only on the metal trace and closely adjacent areas of the substrate.

Disclosed is a process that utilizes a modified Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) process to form a water-resistant coating in situ on a substrate. The process uses solvent soluble monomers, initiator and ligand to form a solvent insoluble water-resistant polymer coating that is deposited directly onto a metal trace on the substrate. The process is especially useful for providing a water-resistant coating to the circuits on a printed circuit board, wearable electronics, and biological sensors. The process can be run in an aqueous solvent in the open atmosphere and does not require a vacuum, heating steps or masking. The coating is deposited only on the metal trace and closely adjacent areas of the substrate.

A film touch sensor is prepared by performing a process in which a separation layer made of a specific component is formed on a carrier substrate, and an insulation film is formed on a transparent conductive film pattern, which is used as a planarization layer, an adhesive layer or a base layer.

Provided is a liquid crystal display element that can be baked at a low temperature when forming a liquid crystal alignment film capable of imparting an alignment regulating property and a pretilt angle developing property via a photoalignment method. Further provided is a liquid crystal display element in which the liquid crystal pretilt angles are highly stable, and display burn-in hardly occurs even due to long usage. Further provided are a vertical liquid crystal alignment film to be used in the liquid crystal display element, and a liquid crystal aligning agent with which it is possible to provide the vertical liquid crystal alignment film. A liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention contains: component (A), which is a polymer including (A-1) a site having an isocyanate group and/or a blocked isocyanate group and (A-2) a site having photoreactivity; component (B), which is a compound having, in a molecule, at least two functional groups of at least one type selected from the group consisting of an amino group and a hydroxyl group; and an organic solvent.