Devices, systems, and methods for monitoring respiration using surface temperature, humidity, air pressure, carbon dioxide gas sensors, pulse oximetry sensors and electromyography sensors, and/or acceleration sensors to obtain information related to respiration rate (RR), exhalation/inhalation strength, exhalation/inhalation volume, exhalation/inhalation acceleration, and/or exhalation/inhalation regularity.

In examples, there is a method comprising receiving an esophageal gas sample at a nitric oxide sensor, the nitric oxide sensor generating a signal indicative of the amount of nitric oxide in the esophageal gas sample, the nitric oxide sensor outputting the signal, and, based on the signal, determining the amount of nitric oxide in the esophageal gas sample.

The present invention discloses a method for determining a maximum value of a heart activity parameter of a user performing a physical activity. Acquire first heart activity data in a first duration of the physical activity performed by the user. Acquire motion data in the first duration of the physical activity performed by the user. Calculate second heart activity data based on the motion data in the first duration of the physical activity performed by the user by a mathematical model and estimate the maximum value of the heart activity parameter of the user based on a comparison between the first heart activity data and the second heart activity data.

An energy balancing system scales portion sizes of user-selected meal recipes to control a digital scale to prompt the user to measure scaled quantities of meal ingredients to prepare scaled meals. Physical activity tracking devices provide data to generate physical activity energy expenditures for energy burned by physical activity. The physical activity energy is added to a basal metabolic rate of energy expenditure that is a function of sex, weight, height, and age. The total energy expended are scaled down for a weight-loss goal to obtain the total recommended energy. A recipe portion-size optimizer adjusts scaling factors for each recipe so that the total recommended energy is met by the scaled meals. Amounts of nutrients for the recipes can also be scaled by the scaling factors to match recommended nutrient amounts when the meal recipe optimizer generates the scaling factors using an over-determined linear system optimizer.

An article of manufacture for providing a CO.sub.2 monitoring smart facemask assembly according to the present invention includes_a CO.sub.2 sensor component having a CO.sub.2 sensor, a serial data connection, and a power connection, a set of connecting wires, and_a controller unit coupled to the CO.sub.2 sensor component by the set of connecting wires. The controller unit includes a programmable microcontroller, the programmable microcontroller receives a measure of a current CO2 value from the CO.sub.2 sensor component, a battery, one or more visual alarm devices; and_an auditory alarm device and an alarm reset button 207. The microcontroller activates the one or more visual alarm devices and the auditory alarm devices when the current CO.sub.2 value is greater than a pre-defined threshold. This warning will ensure safety of the user and an option to shut the alarm off, thereby after the warning has been acknowledged. The one or more visual alarm devices include one or more LEDs and a display device. The display device shows an alpha-numeric representation of the current CO.sub.2 value measured by the CO.sub.2 sensor component.

An oxygen facemask that has pathogen filtering capability can be used in conjunction with a capnometer to measure carbon dioxide levels in a patient. Facemask can be used to provide critical breathing assistance to patients. In certain instances, a patient’s blood CO2 level can be the difference between a good versus a bad outcome. Accordingly, in certain circumstances there is great value in evaluating a patient’s CO2 with a capnometer from breath exiting the facemask, which correlates to CO2 in their blood. Because some of these patients carry airborne transmissible viruses, an exhalent filtration system is envisioned included in the facemask that filters the patient’s breath from those helping the patient in a common space. The exhalent filtration system incorporates both filtering air exiting the facemask directly into a common space and indirectly into the common space by way of the capnometer.

A capnography system includes a CO.sub.2 sensing system having a CO.sub.2 sensor configured to measure a CO.sub.2 concentration in exhaled breath of a subject, a processor configured to derive one or more breath related parameters based on the measured CO.sub.2 concentration, and a communication unit. The capnography system includes a tubing system configured to allow flow of respiratory gasses therethrough. The tubing system includes a connector configured to connect the tubing system to the CO.sub.2 sensing system and a communication component configured to provide an indication of a type of the tubing system to the communication unit. The communication unit is configured to transfer data to the processor based on the indication obtained from the communication component, and the processor is configured to change or suggest a change of an operation mode of the CO.sub.2 sensing system based on the data.

Described are systems for beds that can include sensors for sensing physical phenomena in an environment surrounding a bed, a display for outputting information about the environment, the bed, and a sleeper, and a controller communicably coupled to the sensors. The controller can receive the sensed physical phenomena from the sensors, analyze the physical phenomena to determine at least one of environmental, sleep, and health metrics of a sleeper in the bed, and determine, based on at least one of the environmental, sleep, and health metrics of the sleeper, control signals to modify the environment surrounding the bed. The controller can also output, at the display, the environmental, sleep, and health metrics of the sleeper. The controller can also transmit the control signals to a second controller in order to engage a home automation device. The physical phenomena can include ambient sound, ambient light, ambient CO2 concentration, and/or ambient temperature.

The invention discloses a noninvasive spontaneous respiratory monitoring device, which comprises a sensing patch that can be placed in proximity to the nasal airway of a patient. The sensing patch measures both the flow profile and carbon dioxide concentration of a patient and wirelessly transmits the acquired data to the control circuitry for synchronizing the respiratory support of a mechanical ventilator. The device can also be used as a standalone unit for monitoring for the diagnosis purposes the spontaneous respiratory function of a patient with respiratory dysfunction.

Provided herein is a capnography fitting for use in a capnography system wherein the capnography fitting is configured to fit inhalation masks of various sizes and shapes so that viable carbon dioxide readings can be obtained from an air sample obtained from a patient's exhaled gas. The fitting includes a rigid tube having a proximal end inlet configured to receive an inhalation gas and to slidably engage a mixed gas fitting, and a distal end outlet configured to slidably engage directly to an inlet of an inhalation mask configured to cover a nose and/or mouth. The tube also includes an angled port in fluid communication with and disposed adjacent to the proximal end inlet or the distal end outlet. Methods and kits are also provided.