This fluid measuring device is provided with: an irradiation unit that irradiates a fluid with light; a light receiving unit that receives light scattered by the fluid; a detecting unit that detects a backflow of the fluid on the basis of a light reception signal from the light receiving unit; and a calculating unit that calculates, on the basis of the detection result by the detection unit and the light reception signal from the light receiving unit, estimated fluid information indicating the flow rate or flow speed of the fluid. Accordingly, even when a backflow of the fluid temporarily occurs, the flow speed of the fluid can be precisely measured.

A method of non-invasively detecting and purging bacterial cells using a modified photoacoustic in vivo flow cytometer device is described herein. In particular, a method of detecting bacterial cells by analyzing photoacoustic pulses emitted in response to laser pulses from a pulsed laser source and/or selectively destroying the detected bacterial cells using a non-linear photothermal response induced by a high-energy laser pulse is described herein.

The present disclosure provides devices, methods and systems for analyte detection and/or monitoring, e.g., the continuous and/or semi-continuous monitoring of in-vivo analyte concentrations in real time. Generally, the devices, methods and systems of the present disclosure make use of signaling probes; methods or devices for reducing interferent-based fouling of the signaling probes, non-specific binding to the signaling probes and/or occlusion of a sensor surface; and methods and/or devices for providing an adjusted signal based on a detected signal from the signaling probes. Compositions including conformation switching signaling probes are also provided.

A system and method for predicting a condition is described herein. A patch that affixes to a subject communicates with a computing device to allow one to predict a condition before it happens, during the occurrence of the condition, or after the occurrence of the condition.

Disclosed herein are devices, systems and methods for performing cell culture using animal-chip hybrids. A cell culture device may comprise a fluid channel portion having a first port at a first end and a second port at a second end, and a first compartment for culturing cells. A continuous or intermittent perfusion of blood from an animal subject may enter the cell culture device at the first port and exit the cell culture device at the second port.

A method of non-invasively detecting and purging bacterial cells using a modified photoacoustic in vivo flow cytometer device is described herein. In particular, a method of detecting bacterial cells by analyzing photoacoustic pulses emitted in response to laser pulses from a pulsed laser source and/or selectively destroying the detected bacterial cells using a non-linear photothermal response induced by a high-energy laser pulse is described herein.

The invention provides a cerebral nitric oxide donor for use in a method for assessing the extent of brain dysfunction following brain injury, said method comprising contacting at least a portion of the brain of a subject with a brain injury with said cerebral nitric oxide donor and determining whether or not there is a subsequent change in one or more aspects of brain physiology, wherein the extent by which said one or more aspects of brain physiology improves is indicative of the extent of brain dysfunction.

Microdialysis sampling is an essential tool for in vivo neuro-chemical monitoring. Conventional dialysis probes are over 220 ?m in diameter and have limited flexibility in design because they are made by assembly using preformed membranes. The probe size constrains spatial resolution and governs the amount of tissue damaged caused by probe insertion. To overcome these limitations, we have developed a method to microfabricate probes in Si that are 45 ?m thick 180 ?m wide. The probes contain a buried, U-shaped channel that is 30 ?m deep 60 ?m wide and terminates in ports for external connection. A 4 mm length of the probe is covered with a 5 ?m thick nanoporous membrane. The membrane was microfabricated by deep reactive ion etching through a porous aluminum oxide layer. The microfabricated probe has cross-sectional area that is 79% less than that of the smallest conventional microdialysis probes. The probes yield 2-7% relative recovery at 100 nL/min perfusion rate for a variety of small molecules. The probe was successfully tested in vivo by sampling from the striatum of live rats. Fractions were collected at 20 min intervals (2 ?L) before and after an injection of 5 mg/kg, i.p amphetamine. Analysis of fractions by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed reliable detection of 13 neurochemicals, including dopamine and acetylcholine, at basal conditions. Amphetamine evoked a 43-fold rise in dopamine, a result nearly identical to a conventional dialysis probe in the same animal. The microfabricated probes have potential for sampling with higher spatial resolution and less tissue disruption than conventional probes. It may also be possible to add functionality to the probes by integrating other components, such as electrodes, optics, and additional channels.

Disclosed herein is a method for determining a dosing prescription for a medicament in a patient undergoing CRRT. The method generally includes administering to the bloodstream of the patient a fluorescent agent; administering to the patient at least one dose of the medicament; performing CRRT on the patient after administering the fluorescent agent to the patient; exposing the fluorescent agent to visible or infrared light; monitoring transcutaneously a change in the spectral energy from the fluorescent agent over a period of time; correlating a change in intensity of the spectral energy from the fluorescent agent to a clearance rate of the fluorescent agent from the bloodstream in the patient; calculating a clearance rate of the medicament in the patient; determining an amount of the medicament in the bloodstream of the patient as a function of time; and adjusting a dosing prescription of the medicament to the patient.

A catheter for intravascular use has a blood inlet and a blood outlet, and includes a membrane arranged in the catheter in such a way that at least one part of the blood flowing into the catheter via the blood inlet during operation comes into contact with the membrane. The membrane allows an exchange of at least one substance between a carrier medium and the blood. The carrier medium is a carrier fluid in which the substance to be exchanged can be dissolved, and the catheter includes a delivery device that is designed to at least partially compensate for a pressure difference between the blood inlet and the blood outlet during operation. A method for removing at least one substance from venous blood for diagnostic purposes uses a device of this type.