A sensor device includes a housing defining a cavity, an inlet to receive fluid pumped from an instrument device, an outlet to return the fluid to a fluid reservoir, and a fluid channel defined inside the cavity between the inlet and the outlet. A heat pump is mounted inside the cavity, and has a side surface thermally coupled to the fluid channel and an opposite side surface thermally coupled to a plate. The heat pump is configured to induce a temperature change. A sensor unit is aligned with an aperture in the plate and includes an optical component and a thermal component. The optical component configured to measure a vascular endothelial response from the induced temperature change.

A volatile organic compound detection device includes a collector comprising: a collector material configured to collect volatile organic compounds given off from a patient's skin; a heater comprising a heating element, the heating element configured to emit a thermal pulse to desorb the volatile organic compounds from the collector material; and a flow channel configured to receive the volatile organic compounds desorbed by the heater; and a fastener configured to secure the collector to the patient's skin.

A capsule adapted to be introduced into the digestive system and gastrointestinal (GI) tract of a mammal which consists of a capsule shaped container consisting of a wall material capable of being bio compatible with the digestive system and being adapted to protect the electronic and sensor devices contained in the capsule. The capsule contains gas composition sensors operable at several temperature points for a short duration, a temperature sensor, a micro controller, a power source and a wireless transmission device. The capsule wall incorporates gas permeable membranes adjacent said gas sensors. The microprocessor is programmed to receive data signals from the sensors and convert the signals into gas composition and concentration data and temperature data suitable for transmission to an external computing device.

A capsule adapted to be introduced into the digestive system and gastrointestinal (GI) tract of a mammal which consists of a capsule shaped container consisting of a wall material capable of being bio compatible with the digestive system and being adapted to protect the electronic and sensor devices contained in the capsule. The capsule contains gas composition sensors operable at several temperature points for a short duration, a temperature sensor, a micro controller, a power source and a wireless transmission device. The capsule wall incorporates gas permeable membranes adjacent said gas sensors. The microprocessor is programmed to receive data signals from the sensors and convert the signals into gas composition and concentration data and temperature data suitable for transmission to an external computing device.

The described embodiments relate to a self-regulating patch for taking biopotential measurements and balancing accurate measurements and user comfort. The self-regulating patch including: a heating element operable to generate heat that causes formation of sweat at the skin surface; a biopotential sensor; an exterior surface constructed of a moisture wicking material enveloping the heating element; and a logic to concurrently activate the biopotential sensor and transition the self-regulating patch between a plurality of modes, including a comfort mode and an accuracy mode, where in the comfort mode the heating element is inactive and in the accuracy mode the heating element is active.

A measuring device, intended to be placed on the skin of a human-being or animal user, the device extending between a contact face and a far end, the device including a side wall that extends between the contact face and the far end, on the contact face, at least one aperture to collect a gas of interest emitted through the skin, the aperture being produced through the contact face; a collecting chamber that extends between the contact face and a measuring chamber; a gas sensor, placed in the measuring chamber, to measure a concentration of gas of interest flowing through the measuring chamber; a processing unit, to estimate a gas-of-interest content in the body of the user based on the measurement taken by the gas sensor; a heat source to bring the contact face to a temperature above 37° C.; and an air intake produced through the side wall to admit ambient air into the duct.

A measuring device, intended to be placed on the skin of a human-being or animal user, the device extending between a contact face and a far end, the device including a side wall that extends between the contact face and the far end, on the contact face, at least one aperture to collect a gas of interest emitted through the skin, the aperture being produced through the contact face; a collecting chamber that extends between the contact face and a measuring chamber; a gas sensor, placed in the measuring chamber, to measure a concentration of gas of interest flowing through the measuring chamber; a processing unit, to estimate a gas-of-interest content in the body of the user based on the measurement taken by the gas sensor; a heat source to bring the contact face to a temperature above 37° C.; and an air intake produced through the side wall to admit ambient air into the duct.

Systems and methods are provided for determining levels of a target analyte in a biological sample. A transdermal sampling and analysis device may include a substrate, at least one disruptor mounted on the substrate, a reservoir configured to collect and contain a biological sample, at least two electrodes, and an electrochemical bioassay configured to determine levels of a target analyte in the biological sample. The at least one disruptor of the transdermal sampling and analysis device may be configured to generate a localized heat capable of altering permeability characteristics of a stratum corneum layer of skin of an organism.

Systems and methods are provided for determining levels of a target analyte in a biological sample. A transdermal sampling and analysis device may include a substrate, at least one disruptor mounted on the substrate, a reservoir configured to collect and contain a biological sample, at least two electrodes, and an electrochemical bioassay configured to determine levels of a target analyte in the biological sample. The at least one disruptor of the transdermal sampling and analysis device may be configured to generate a localized heat capable of altering permeability characteristics of a stratum corneum layer of skin of an organism.

Provided is an apparatus for estimating a target component, the apparatus including a temperature controller configured to modulate temperature of an object, a measurer configured to measure a spectrum for each temperature of the object that changes based on the modulation, and a processor configured to obtain effective optical pathlength vectors corresponding to a temperature change based on the spectrum for each temperature of the object, obtain a representative effective optical pathlength based on the obtained effective optical pathlength vectors, and obtain a target component estimation model based on the obtained representative effective optical pathlength.