Disclosed are compositions and methods of preparing ionic polyamides. Also disclosed are compositions and methods of preparing ionic polyamide-imides. Additionally, disclosed herein are compositions comprising the ionic polyamides or polyamide-imides. The compositions comprising the ionic polyamides or polyamide-imides can include an ionic liquid. The disclosed polyamides and polyamide-imides can be utilized for three-dimensional printing or to capture gases.

The present invention concerns a metal or metal alloy deposition composition, particularly a copper or copper alloy deposition composition, for electrolytic deposition of a metal or metal alloy layer, particularly for electrolytic deposition of a copper or copper alloy layer, comprising at least one type of metal ions to be deposited, preferably copper ions, and at least one imidazole based plating compound. The present invention further concerns a method for preparation of the plating compound, the plating compound itself and its use in a metal or metal alloy deposition composition. The inventive metal or metal alloy deposition composition can be preferably used for filling recessed structures, in particular those having higher diameter to depth aspect ratios.

A resist underlayer composition includes a polymer including a structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 1; and a solvent and a method of forming patterns using the resist underlayer composition:

##STR00001##

In Chemical Formula 1, at least one of A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 is a group represented by Chemical Formula A:

##STR00002##

The present invention provides a novel alkylating agent specifically binding to the genetic mutation site of a driver oncogene. There are provided are a complex formed by binding an alkylating agent to a pyrrole imidazole polyamide specifically binding to the genetic mutation site of a driver oncogene, a driver oncogene mutation-specific alkylating agent comprising the aforementioned complex, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the aforementioned complex.

Techniques regarding polymers with antimicrobial functionality are provided. For example, one or more embodiments described herein can regard a polymer, which can comprise a repeating ionene unit. The repeating ionene unit can comprise a cation distributed along a degradable backbone. The degradable backbone can comprise a terephthalamide structure. Further, the repeating ionene unit can have antimicrobial functionality.

The present invention relates to an oligomer of formula (I)

##STR00001##

where the various groups are as defined in the specification. The present invention also relates to an oligomer or a polymer of formula (II)

##STR00002##

where the various groups are as defined in the specification. The present invention also relates to the methods for their preparation, antimicrobial composition, antimicrobial gel containing these oligomers and/or polymers of Formula (I) and (II), and uses of these oligomers and/or polymers in the treatment of a microbial infection or disease.

Techniques regarding polymers with antimicrobial functionality are provided. For example, one or more embodiments described herein can regard a polymer, which can comprise a repeating ionene unit. The repeating ionene unit can comprise a cation distributed along a degradable backbone. The degradable backbone can comprise a terephthalamide structure. Further, the repeating ionene unit can have antimicrobial functionality.

Disclosed herein are ionic polymers incorporating an cationic atom in the polymer backbone.

Provided herein are methods for one or more of: inhibiting the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), non-alcoholic liver steatosis (NAFLD), fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis, hepatocellular carcinoma; blocking the biosynthesis of fatty acids and triglycerides; inhibiting de novo lipogeneis. The method comprises administering an effective amount of an agent that interferes with the binding of the estrogen receptor related receptor (NR3B) to a NR3B target to a subject in need thereof.

Disclosed herein are polymers containing repeating units of formula (I) or copolymers containing the repeating units of formula (I) and (II), where R.sup.1 to R.sup.12, m, n, p, q, x and y are as defined herein. The polymers and copolymers have an antimicrobial effect and may be used therapeutically or in formulations intended for use as detergents.