Virtual reality apparatus, and various methods therefore.

Embodiments relate to an object comprising a mask comprising a first portion to cover an eye of a person, the first portion comprising: a first layer and a second layer adjacent to the first layer; an eye pocket; an attachable device; and a bio-monitoring system; wherein the first layer and the second layer form a pouch; and wherein the bio-monitoring system monitors a physiological state of the person, a method of providing a therapy to a person using the object and a method for estimating an effect of the therapy through movement of eyes using the object.

Methods and systems useful for detecting neurological disorders and for measuring general cognitive performance, in particular by measuring eye movements and/or pupil diameter during eye-movement tasks.

An electrical stimulation lead assembly includes a lead body having a distal end portion, a proximal end portion, and a longitudinal length. Electrodes are disposed along the distal end portion of the lead body; terminals disposed along the proximal end portion of the lead body; and stimulation conductors couple the terminals to the electrodes. A cerebrospinal-fluid-pulsation detection assembly includes a sensor disposed along the distal end portion of the lead body. The sensor detects pulses of cerebrospinal fluid within a subarachnoid space of a patient and transforms the detected cerebrospinal-fluid pulses into sensor signals. A sensor processor receives the sensor signals from the sensor, processes the received sensor signals to cerebrospinal-fluid pulsation data (CSF-pulsation data), and estimates a patient blood-flow condition based on the CSF-pulsation data. A sensor control pathway couples the sensor to the sensor processor.

The invention provides a quantum dot (QD) modified optical fiber-based biosensor which characterizes matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) enzyme activity at pain signaling sites in the central nervous system (CNS) in vivo. Related systems and peptide biomarker screening methods are also provided.

The invention provides novel devices and methods that enable ultrahigh spatial and temporal resolution interfaces that allow access and intervention to local (intra- and proximate extra-neuronal) neuroelectronic and neurotransmitter molecular signatures associated with aberrant cell function and cell death leading to neurodegenerative diseases. Scalable devices based on a unique nanoscale coaxial electrode array of the invention offer neural recording and control at unprecedented levels of precisions.

A method of treating a patient includes tracking eye pupil movement of at least one of a first eye and a second eye of the patient using a device suitable for tracking eye pupil movement, analyzing eye pupil movement of the at least one of the first eye and the second eye of the patient using a computer in electronic communication with the device suitable for tracking eye pupil movement, generating a plot that reflects a trajectory traveled of each of the at least one of the first eye and the second eye in response to a visual stimuli, comparing eye pupil movement of the at least one of the first eye and the second eye of the patient to a normal or mean eye pupil movement, and calculating a plurality of velocities.

Techniques for sensing neural responses such as Evoked Compound Action Potentials (ECAPs) in an implantable stimulator device are disclosed. A first therapeutic pulse phase is followed by a charge recovery phase that includes at least one high-impedance passive charge recovery duration. The ECAP is sensed during the high-impedance passive charge recovery duration. The time period of the passive charge recovery is lengthened and the high-impedance passive recharge duration entirely overlaps the ECAP (i.e., the neural response duration) at the sensing electrode.

Techniques for sensing neural responses such as Evoked Compound Action Potentials (ECAPs) in an implantable stimulator device are disclosed. A first therapeutic pulse phase is followed by a charge recovery phase that includes at least one high-impedance passive charge recovery duration. The ECAP is sensed during the high-impedance passive charge recovery duration.

Techniques for determining a condition of a subject includes recording auditory brain stem (ABS) electrical signal data in a subject in response to an auditory signal delivered to the subject. First data is determined, wherein the first data indicates a temporal latency for each vertex in a set of one or more vertices in the ABS electrical signal or a property of one or more micropeaks in a portion of the electrical signal away from the vertices, or some combination. Each vertex indicates a response from a different anatomical location from the cochlea to the auditory cortex of the subject. A condition of the subject is determined based on a distance of the temporal latency determined for each vertex, or the property of the micropeaks, or some combination, from a predetermined set of values for temporal latency or property of micropeaks in a population of control individuals.