The invention relates to flame-retardant polyamide compositions comprising polyamide having a melting point of not more than 290° C. as component A, fillers and/or reinforcers as component B, phosphinic salt of the formula (I) as component C

##STR00001## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are ethyl, M is Al, Fe, TiO.sub.p or Zn, m is 2 to 3, and p=(4−m)/2 compound selected from the group of the Al, Fe, TiO.sub.p and Zn salts of ethylbutylphosphinic acid, of dibutylphosphinic acid, of ethylhexylphosphinic acid, of butylhexylphosphinic acid and/or of dihexylphosphinic acid as component D phosphonic salt of the formula (II) as component E

##STR00002## in which R.sub.3 is ethyl, Met is Al, Fe, TiO.sub.q or Zn, n is 2 to 3, and q=(4−n)/2 melamine polyphosphate having an average degree of condensation of 2 to 200 as component F, and wax selected from the group of the polyolefin waxes, amide waxes, natural waxes, long-chain aliphatic carboxylic acids and/or the esters or salts thereof as component G.

The polyamide compositions can be used for production of fibers, films and shaped bodies, especially for applications in the electricals and electronics sector.

An example article includes a substrate and a coating applied to the substrate. The coating includes a stabilizer and an organic phosphonic acid reactant. In an example article, the coating includes a water-soluble polymer and an organic phosphate or phosphonate reactant. An example coating configured to be applied to a basic gas filter substrate includes a water-soluble polymer and an organic phosphate or phosphonate reactant. An example technique includes applying a coating to a substrate and heating at least the coating to a temperature between about 100 C. and about 275 C. for about 1 minute to about 10 minutes. An example system includes a basic gas filter including a coating, and a sensor configured to sense an optical change in the coating.

There is provided a resin formulation comprising a resin precursor, a crosslinking additive, a photoinitiator, and at least one luminescent dye, wherein the crosslinking additive comprises a functional group selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, alkoxyl, carboxylic acid, amine, amide, alkylacrylate, acrylate, epoxy, alkyl and heterocycloalkyl. The crosslinking additive of the resin formulation may help to homogeneously disperse the luminescent dye in the resin formulation and decrease the viscosity by improving the miscibility and polarity between the resin precursor and the luminescent dye, leading to an increase of solidification rate of the resin formulation during 3D printing such as stereolithography and digital light processing (DLP). There is also provided a method of preparing the resin formulation and uses of the resin formulation thereof.

There is provided a resin formulation comprising a resin precursor, a crosslinking additive, a photoinitiator, and at least one luminescent dye, wherein the crosslinking additive comprises a functional group selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, alkoxyl, carboxylic acid, amine, amide, alkylacrylate, acrylate, epoxy, alkyl and heterocycloalkyl. The crosslinking additive of the resin formulation may help to homogeneously disperse the luminescent dye in the resin formulation and decrease the viscosity by improving the miscibility and polarity between the resin precursor and the luminescent dye, leading to an increase of solidification rate of the resin formulation during 3D printing such as stereolithography and digital light processing (DLP). There is also provided a method of preparing the resin formulation and uses of the resin formulation thereof.

Provided are ophthalmic devices comprised of a reaction product of a composition comprising: (i) a crosslinked substrate network containing covalently bound activatable free radical initiators; and (ii) a grafting composition containing one or more ethylenically unsaturated compounds. Also provided are processes for making ophthalmic devices.

Provided are ophthalmic devices comprised of a reaction product of a composition comprising: (i) a crosslinked substrate network containing covalently bound activatable free radical initiators; and (ii) a grafting composition containing one or more ethylenically unsaturated compounds. Also provided are processes for making ophthalmic devices.

To provide a photopolymerizable type dental surface coating material composition which may finish the applied part lubriciously in a short time by exhibiting excellent surface curability regardless of the type of light irradiator, may protect the restoration from abrasion and stain for a long time by exhibiting excellent adhesive property to various restorations including the dental glass ionomer cement for filling and the tooth substance, and may have excellent storage stability that can maintain properties and characteristics for a long time. The photopolymerizable type dental surface coating composition of the present disclosure comprises (a) polyfunctional polymerizable monomer, (b) volatile monofunctional polymerizable monomer, (c) acidic group-containing polymerizable monomer, (d) -diketone compound, (e-1) aromatic tertiary amine as (e) amine compound, and (e-2) aliphatic tertiary amine as (e) amine compound, wherein the compounding ratio of the (e-1) and the (e-2) is within a range of 1.0:99.0 to 70.0:30.0 in terms of mass ratio.

A phosphorus-containing resin composition comprises a first phosphorus-containing compound, a second phosphorus-containing compound and a maleimide resin; wherein the first phosphorus-containing compound comprises a compound of Formula (I), a compound of Formula (II), or a combination thereof, and wherein the second phosphorus-containing compound is different from the first phosphorus-containing compound, and the second phosphorus-containing compound is absent of a group capable of reacting with the maleimide resin.

A phosphorus-containing resin composition comprises a first phosphorus-containing compound, a second phosphorus-containing compound and a maleimide resin; wherein the first phosphorus-containing compound comprises a compound of Formula (I), a compound of Formula (II), or a combination thereof, and wherein the second phosphorus-containing compound is different from the first phosphorus-containing compound, and the second phosphorus-containing compound is absent of a group capable of reacting with the maleimide resin.

Embodiments of the present disclosure describe initiating systems comprising an activator and an initiator, wherein the activator includes an alkyl borane or alkyl aluminum, wherein the initiator includes an organic cation and either an alkali metal or a compound containing an active protic hydrogen. Embodiments of the present disclosure further describe methods of making a polycarbonate comprising contacting a cyclic monomer and carbon dioxide in the presence of an activator and an initiator to form a polycarbonate, wherein the catalyst is one or more of an alkyl borane and alkyl aluminum, wherein the initiator includes an organic cation and either an alkali metal or a compound containing an active protic hydrogen.