A pressure sensitive adhesive comprising the polymerization product of a reaction mixture comprising: (a1) one or more (meth)acrylate ester monomers; (a2) one or more hydrophilic monomers; and (b) non-reactive, ionic surfactant. Also, articles comprising such adhesives and methods for making such adhesives and such articles.

A pressure sensitive adhesive comprising the polymerization product of a reaction mixture comprising: (a1) one or more (meth)acrylate ester monomers; (a2) one or more hydrophilic monomers; and (b) non-reactive, ionic surfactant. Also, articles comprising such adhesives and methods for making such adhesives and such articles.

Provided are phosphorus nitrogen flame retardants represented by Formula III, a method of preparing the flame retardants without using any solvent, and various materials comprising the flame retardants. Rb and Rc are independently of each other selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl such as C1-C18 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycles, substituted or unsubstituted aryl such as C6˜C18 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl such as C3˜C18 heteroaryl, and acyl radical. The invention exhibits numerous technical merits such as excellent flame retardant efficacy, good compatibility with polymers, lower migration to material surface, excellent hydrolysis resistance, low smoke and low toxicity during burning, simpler preparation process, fewer by-products, shorter reaction time, higher yield, and no environmental impact, among others.

##STR00001##

Provided are phosphorus nitrogen flame retardants represented by Formula III, a method of preparing the flame retardants without using any solvent, and various materials comprising the flame retardants. Rb and Rc are independently of each other selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl such as C1-C18 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycles, substituted or unsubstituted aryl such as C6˜C18 aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl such as C3˜C18 heteroaryl, and acyl radical. The invention exhibits numerous technical merits such as excellent flame retardant efficacy, good compatibility with polymers, lower migration to material surface, excellent hydrolysis resistance, low smoke and low toxicity during burning, simpler preparation process, fewer by-products, shorter reaction time, higher yield, and no environmental impact, among others.

##STR00001##

The present invention discloses a crystalline aluminum phosphite, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof as or for the preparation of a flame retardant or a flame retardant synergist. The preparation method has the following processes: 1, reacting aluminum hydrogen phosphite with an aluminum-containing compound in water at 80-110° C. to obtain a precipitate in the presence of no strong acid or a small amount of strong acid; 2, washing and filtering the precipitate; 3, drying the precipitate at 100-130° C.; 4, continuously heating the dried solid step by step at a low speed, where the material temperature is increased to not exceeding 350° C. from room temperature at about 5-10 h, with a temperature rise rate not exceeding 5° C./min. Compared with amorphous aluminum hydrogen phosphite, the crystalline aluminum phosphite has a higher thermal decomposition temperature, lower water absorption and weaker acidity, and can be synergistic with diethyl aluminum hypophosphite to achieve better flame retardant property and thus, is used for a halogen-free flame retardant component of high polymer materials.

The invention relates to flame-retardant polyamide compositions comprising polyamide having a melting point of not more than 290° C. as component A, fillers and/or reinforcers as component B, phosphinic salt of the formula (I) as component C

##STR00001## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are ethyl, M is Al, Fe, TiO.sub.p or Zn, m is 2 to 3, and

p=(4−m)/2 compound selected from the group of the Al, Fe, TiO.sub.p and Zn salts of ethylbutylphosphinic acid, of dibutylphosphinic acid, of ethylhexylphosphinic acid, of butylhexylphosphinic acid and/or of dihexylphosphinic acid as component D phosphonic salt of the formula as component E

##STR00002## in which R.sub.3 is ethyl, Met is Al, Fe, TiO.sub.q or Zn, n is 2 to 3, and

q=(4−n)/2 melamine polyphosphate having an average degree of condensation of 2 to 200 as component F, and gray colorant as component G.

The invention relates to flame-retardant polyamide compositions comprising polyamide having a melting point of not more than 290° C. as component A, fillers and/or reinforcers as component B, phosphinic salt of the formula (I) as component C

##STR00001## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are ethyl, M is Al, Fe, TiO.sub.p or Zn, m is 2 to 3, and

p=(4−m)/2 compound selected from the group of the Al, Fe, TiO.sub.p and Zn salts of ethylbutylphosphinic acid, of dibutylphosphinic acid, of ethylhexylphosphinic acid, of butylhexylphosphinic acid and/or of dihexylphosphinic acid as component D phosphonic salt of the formula as component E

##STR00002## in which R.sub.3 is ethyl, Met is Al, Fe, TiO.sub.q or Zn, n is 2 to 3, and

q=(4−n)/2 melamine polyphosphate having an average degree of condensation of 2 to 200 as component F, and gray colorant as component G.

A flame retardant epoxy resin composition for preparing a flame retardant fiber composite including: (a) at least one epoxy resin; (b) at least one flame retardant agent for improving the flammability performance of carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy composites; (c) at least one mold release agent; (d) at least one curing agent; and (e) at least one catalyst; a prepreg prepared using the above epoxy resin composition; and a flame retardant fiber composite prepared using the above prepreg.

The present invention relates to a thermoplastic composition, comprising: A) aromatic polycarbonate and B) Ba) reinforcing fibers and/or Bb) spherical particles of oxides of metals or metalloids of the 3rd main group, 4th main group and/or 4th transition group. The composition further comprises: C) PMMI copolymer and D) phosphite stabilizer and/or phosphine stabilizer, wherein, furthermore, the proportion of B) is ≥35% by weight to ≤40% by weight and the proportion of C) is >0.1% by weight in each case based on the total weight of the composition. The invention further relates to a layered arrangement comprising a substrate layer and a reflection layer distinct from the substrate layer and at least partially covering the substrate layer, wherein the reflection layer at least partially reflects light in the wavelength range from 380 nm to 750 nm, an illumination apparatus comprising a light source and a reflector, wherein the reflector is arranged such that at least a portion of the light transmitted by the light source is reflected by the reflector, and to a process for producing a molded article.

The present invention relates to a thermoplastic composition, comprising: A) aromatic polycarbonate and B) Ba) reinforcing fibers and/or Bb) spherical particles of oxides of metals or metalloids of the 3rd main group, 4th main group and/or 4th transition group. The composition further comprises: C) PMMI copolymer and D) phosphite stabilizer and/or phosphine stabilizer, wherein, furthermore, the proportion of B) is ≥35% by weight to ≤40% by weight and the proportion of C) is >0.1% by weight in each case based on the total weight of the composition. The invention further relates to a layered arrangement comprising a substrate layer and a reflection layer distinct from the substrate layer and at least partially covering the substrate layer, wherein the reflection layer at least partially reflects light in the wavelength range from 380 nm to 750 nm, an illumination apparatus comprising a light source and a reflector, wherein the reflector is arranged such that at least a portion of the light transmitted by the light source is reflected by the reflector, and to a process for producing a molded article.