An apparatus for measuring a distance includes a distance measurement device, a light source, and a photographic device holder portion. The photographic device holder portion includes a first region having a first surface at a first level, and a second region having a second surface at a second level different from the first level. The first region and second region are adapted to hold a photographic device, such as a cellular telephone, in place on the apparatus. The apparatus may include a layer of a selected material disposed at an edge of the first region, wherein the material is adapted to hold the photographic device in place. The apparatus may include a main body section and an extendable section adapted to slide in and out relative to the body section in order to accommodate different sizes of cellular telephones.

An ingestible capsule arranged, in use, to cross a human stomach for carrying out a phototherapic treatment arranged to combat an infection due to the presence of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, said ingestible capsule comprising at least one primary light source arranged to emit an electromagnetic phototherapic wave having a wavelength .sub.1, at least one auxiliary light source arranged to emit an electromagnetic phototherapic wave having a wavelength .sub.2, a wrapper arranged to contain said or each primary light source and said or each auxiliary light source, said wrapper being at least partially transparent to said wavelengths .sub.1 and .sub.2, a control unit arranged to selectively activate said or each primary light source and/or said or each auxiliary light source, and at least one energy source arranged to provide energy for feeding said control unit and/or said light sources. In particular, 400 nm<.sub.1<525 nm and 525 nm<.sub.2<650 nm. Furthermore, said control unit is configured to receive an information of position reporting in real time an area of said stomach crossed by said ingestible capsule; to determine, known said information of position, a wavelength, a dosage and a duration of administration of said electromagnetic phototherapic waves for an optimal phototherapic treatment of said area of said stomach; to selectively activate said or each primary light source and/or said or each auxiliary light source to provide said optimal phototherapic treatment of said area of said stomach.

A method for evaluating a gastrointestinal tract of a subject may comprise using a sensor located in the subject to obtain data regarding qualities of a tissue of the gastrointestinal tract; using the obtained data, determining a measure of perfusion of blood in the tissue; using the obtained data, determining a measure of thickness of the tissue; using the measure of perfusion and the measure of thickness, determining a measure of inflammation of the tissue; and using one or more of the measure of perfusion, the measure of thickness, and the measure of inflammation, classifying a state of the tissue.

A system may include an expandable member, and a plurality of sensors disposed on an outer surface of the expandable member and circumferentially spaced apart from one another, wherein each of the plurality of sensors includes a first emitter configured to emit light of a first wavelength, and a detector configured to detect light, and a controller coupled to the plurality of sensors.

The invention refers to a Raman spectroscopy probe, comprising an elongate body having a distal end and a proximal end, at least one Raman fibre within the elongate body for guiding light between the proximal end and the distal end, and an instrument lumen within the elongate body and extending between the distal end and the proximal end, wherein the instrument lumen is configured to receive an elongate instrument, wherein the at least one Raman fibre is arranged outside of the instrument lumen.

The present disclosure relates to a system and a method for automatically measuring and assessing hemodynamics in tissue of an anatomical structure of a subject. In particular the present disclosure relates to continuously measuring and assessing hemodynamics in medical procedures using fluorescence imaging and wherein the administration of the fluorescent agent is controlled and automated. One aspect relates to a method of automatic perfusion assessment of an anatomical structure of a subject, the method comprising administration into a vein of a bolus corresponding to less than 0.005 mg ICG/kg body weight of a first fluorescence imaging agent.

According to one aspect, an implantable medical device may include an anchor assembly configured to anchor the medical device to a body lumen. The implantable medical device may also include a capsule. The capsule may include a pH sensor. The pH sensor may be configured to measure a pH of contents within the body lumen. The capsule may also include a power source, a controller, and an impedance sensor. The impedance sensor may be configured to measure an impedance within the body lumen.

A disease-related processing section performs at least one of the calculation of an index value related to a stage of ulcerative colitis, the determination of the stage of the ulcerative colitis, or the determination of whether or not the ulcerative colitis has remitted, on the basis of the denseness of superficial blood vessels, intramucosal hemorrhage, and extramucosal hemorrhage obtained from a medical image.

A device for capturing and concentrating volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in a sample of breath air. The device includes an intake for accepting an air sample; a disposable mouth piece; a sensor array for measuring physical parameters of the air sample; an exhaled air sampler for capturing a pre-determined volume of air; a concentrator for concentrating VOCs in the air sample; and an ionic liquid collector, the latter of which may be removed from the device. The ionic liquid collector, which may have one compartment or multiple compartments, includes at least one ionic liquid. Analysis of VOCs in the ionic liquid or liquids may identify biomarkers that can provide a medical diagnosis for a human patient based on a sample of breath air.

A method for evaluating a gastrointestinal tract may include characterizing one or more disease parameters using objective measures obtained from imaging data of a gastrointestinal tract. The one or more disease parameters reflect a measure of at least one of lesions, ulcers, bleeding, stenosis, and vasculature. The method may also include using the one or more characterized disease parameters to classify a disease state.