A smartphone-based hemoglobin (Hgb) assessment application quantitatively analyzes pallor in patient-sourced photos using image analysis algorithms to enable a noninvasive, accurate quantitative smartphone app for detecting anemia. A user takes a photo of his/her fingernail beds using the app and receives an accurate displayed Hgb level. Since fingernails do not contain melanocytes, the primary source of color of these anatomical features is blood Hgb. At the same time, quality control software minimizes the impact of common fingernail irregularities (e.g. leukonychia and camera flash reflection) on Hgb level measurement. Metadata recorded upon capturing the image is leveraged for determining a users' Hgb level thereby eliminating the need for external equipment. A personalized calibration of image data with measured Hgb levels improves the accuracy of the application.

A finger insert for use with a nailfold imaging device includes a housing to receive the user's finger and an immersion substance (e.g., immersion oil), and a deformable pad that holds the user's finger in place during imaging, as well as prevent bubble formation in the substance. The housing includes a transparent wall to facilitate imaging of the finger. The transparent wall includes multiple angled portions that prevent or reduce contact between the nailfold and the wall, to ensure sufficient blood flow through the nailfold region for imaging.

The present disclosure provides methods and systems for predicting a subject's diagnostic status with respect to a disease or disorder. The method may comprise exposing a biological sample of the subject to a laser, acquiring a plurality of Raman spectra from the exposed biological sample, processing the plurality of Raman spectra to generate a spatial map of the plurality of Raman spectra, and predicting a subject's diagnostic status with respect to disease or disorder based at least in part on the spatial map of the plurality of Raman spectra. The analyzing may comprise determining temporal dynamics of underlying biological processes.

A finger insert for use with a nailfold imaging device includes a housing to receive the user's finger and an immersion substance (e.g., immersion oil), and a deformable pad that holds the user's finger in place during imaging, as well as prevent bubble formation in the substance. The housing includes a transparent wall to facilitate imaging of the finger. The transparent wall includes multiple angled portions that prevent or reduce contact between the nailfold and the wall, to ensure sufficient blood flow through the nailfold region for imaging.