A hyperspectral imaging apparatus and methods for performing hyperspectral imaging of a surgical field, involving: an external optical imaging device for externally imaging internal tissue through a surgical access port, the access port having a port wall having a light-diffusing surface texture, whereby reflectance of the port wall is decreasable, and the external optical imaging device having an illuminated exoscope, the illuminated exoscope having: a longitudinal housing; an optical imaging assembly provided within the longitudinal housing; an imaging camera interfaced with the optical imaging assembly for detecting images collected by the optical imaging assembly; and one or more illumination sources supported by the longitudinal housing, wherein an illumination axis associated with each illumination source is offset from an imaging axis of the optical imaging assembly; a remote light source; a spectral filtering device in optical communication with the remote light source; and a light guide having a proximal end in optical communication with an output of the spectral filtering device and one or more distal ends, wherein each distal end is in optical communication with an illumination source.

Systems, methods, and devices for intraoperatively confirming location of tissue structures during medical procedures. Preoperative image data of a patient's skeletal structure in a vicinity of an anatomical part undergoing a medical procedure is acquired. During the procedure, after exposing tissue intraoperative image data is acquired by scanning a selected region of tissue, in a vicinity of the skeletal structure using Polarization Sensitive-Optical Coherence Tomography (PS-OCT). Regions of tissue exhibiting structural organization in the vicinity of the skeletal structure are identified from the intraoperative (PS-OCT) image data. Geometrically correlating and registering the intraoperative (PS-OCT) image data with the preoperative image data of the skeletal structure in the vicinity of the anatomical part is then performed using a priori known anatomical information about the regions of tissue exhibiting structural information.

Provided is a non-invasive system and method of determining pennation angle and/or fascicle length based on image processing. An ultrasound scan image is processed to facilitate distinguishing of muscle fiber and tendon. The processed ultrasound scan image is then analyzed. The pennation angle and/or fascicle length is determined based on the analysis. An example method includes receiving an ultrasound scan image of at least a portion of a skin layer as disposed above one or more additional tissue layers, the image provided by a plurality of pixels. The method continues by introducing noise into the pixels of the image and thresholding the pixels of the image to provide a binary image having a plurality of structural elements of different sizes. The method continues with morphing the structural elements of the binary image to remove small structural elements and connect large structural elements. With this resulting image, the method distinguishes muscle fiber and tendon from remaining elements and determines the pennation angle and/or the fascicle length from the muscle fiber and the tendon. Associated apparatuses and computer program products are also disclosed.

This relates to a device that detects a user's motion and gesture input through the movement of one or more of the user's hand, arm, wrist, and fingers, for example, to provide commands to the device or to other devices. The device can be attached to, resting on, or touching the user's wrist, ankle or other body part. One or more optical sensors, inertial sensors, mechanical contact sensors, and myoelectric sensors can detect movements of the user's body. Based on the detected movements, a user gesture can be determined. The device can interpret the gesture as an input command, and the device can perform an operation based on the input command. By detecting movements of the user's body and associating the movements with input commands, the device can receive user input commands through another means in addition to, or instead of, voice and touch input, for example.

Improved assemblies, systems, and methods provide safeguarding against tissue injury during surgical procedures and/or identify nerve damage occurring prior to surgery and/or verify range of motion or attributes of muscle contraction during reconstructive surgery. A stimulation control device may incorporate a range of low and high intensity stimulation to provide a stimulation and evaluation of both nerves and muscles. A stimulation control device is removably coupled to a surgical device or is imbedded within the medical device to provide a stimulation and treatment medical device. A disposable hand held stimulation system includes an operative element extending from the housing, the housing includes a visual indication to provide feedback or status to the user.

Specialized ultrasound imaging systems and methods provide metrics related to objective and consistent quantification of scar tissue volume that strongly correlate with tendon healing and range of motion. Automated acquisition of ultrasound images of fingers helps assess tendon healing in a non-invasive, quantitative fashion and can be used to guide clinical decision-making, management of post-operative tendon repair patients, and employment and insurance considerations.

The tensioning device for tendons comprises: a main body of elongated conformation having at one ending part a positioning portion comprising a pointer element adapted to be positioned onto a bone portion; hooking means to an injured tendon portion; measuring means operatively connected to the hooking means and adapted to detect a tension value at the bone portion.

A method of electrically stimulating a target muscle of a patient includes placing at least one stimulation electrode in electrical contact with the target muscle and applying an electrical signal to the stimulation electrode. The method further includes obtaining a signal from a sensing element placed on the patient, wherein the sensing element is configured to detect at least one biological parameter of the patient associated with contraction of the target muscle caused by the application of the electrical signal, and adapting stimulation of the target muscle by the at least one stimulation electrode using the obtained signal.

A physiological feature of a subject is monitored by implanting a plurality of targets, such as magnets, and detecting at least one change in a physical property of the targets, followed by modifying a physiological feature of the subject in response to a change of state detected by the change in physical property detected in the targets. Cutaneous sensory feedback and proprioceptive feedback in a subject, as well as selective stimulation of axons or nerve fascicles of a neuron of a subject are provided.

A deep tendon reflex-eliciting device actuated by pressure against a patient's skin, which releases a spring-loaded mass that delivers an impulse through a fully-enclosed housing. This device includes a weight contained within the casings, and a mainspring in communication with the weight. The mainspring has a bias toward expansion. In the compressed position, the mainspring is also compressed, and the weight is pushed backwards into the rear casing. The weight is released to be driven forward by the mainspring. The weight strikes the inside of the forward casing, delivering an impulse to a surface against Which the device is pressed. A reset spring can push apart the forward and rear casings to reset the device to its expanded position. A case screw is also included which is able to consistently set the impact force of the device.