Functionalized fluorescent tracers, methods of making the tracers, and methods of using the tracers are provided. In some implementations, the fluorescent tracers include a functionalized fluorescent dye. The functionalized fluorescent dye includes an isothiocyanate-containing dye functionalized with a functional group that includes a primary amine. In some implementations, a method of tracing fluid flow in a subterranean formation includes mixing the functionalized fluorescent tracer into a fluid, flowing the tracer fluid into a subterranean formation, recovering a sample from a subterranean formation, and analyzing the sample for a fluorescent signal and a barcode functional group.

A composition includes a functionalized fluorescent dye. The functionalized fluorescent dye includes an isothiocyanate-containing dye functionalized with a functional group. The functional group includes an aromatic compound with a primary amine. The functionalized fluorescent dye can be mixed with a fluid to form a tracer fluid for tracing fluid flow in a subterranean formation.

This invention provides compositions and methods for producing translational components that expand the number of genetically encoded amino acids in eukaryotic cells. The components include orthogonal tRNAs, orthogonal aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, orthogonal pairs of tRNAs/synthetases and unnatural amino acids. Proteins and methods of producing proteins with unnatural amino acids in eukaryotic cells are also provided.

This invention provides compositions and methods for producing translational components that expand the number of genetically encoded amino acids in eukaryotic cells. The components include orthogonal tRNAs, orthogonal aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, orthogonal pairs of tRNAs/synthetases and unnatural amino acids. Proteins and methods of producing proteins with unnatural amino acids in eukaryotic cells are also provided.

The present invention relates to fluorescent dyes. The present invention provides a wide range of fluorescent dyes and kits containing the same, which are applicable for labeling a variety of biomolecules, cells and microorganisms. In one aspect, the invention provides a compound having a maximal fluorescence excitation wavelength, wherein the compound has a structure of Formula II: ##STR00001##
wherein Z.sup.− is a counterion, Y is a bridge unit permitting electron delocalization between F and Ψ, and F is a moiety having the structure: ##STR00002## The present invention also provides various methods of using the fluorescent dyes for research and development, forensic identification, environmental studies, diagnosis, prognosis, and/or treatment of disease conditions.

The present invention relates to fluorescent dyes. The present invention provides a wide range of fluorescent dyes and kits containing the same, which are applicable for labeling a variety of biomolecules, cells and microorganisms. In one aspect, the invention provides a compound having a maximal fluorescence excitation wavelength, wherein the compound has a structure of Formula II: ##STR00001##
wherein Z.sup.− is a counterion, Y is a bridge unit permitting electron delocalization between F and Ψ, and F is a moiety having the structure: ##STR00002## The present invention also provides various methods of using the fluorescent dyes for research and development, forensic identification, environmental studies, diagnosis, prognosis, and/or treatment of disease conditions.

Provided herein is a fluorescent probe compound of formula (I):

##STR00001##

as well as methods of using said compound.

A new leuco dye produces a yellow color while demonstrating also exceptional light and thermal stability under light.

A new leuco dye produces a yellow color while demonstrating also exceptional light and thermal stability under light.

Fluorescent Schiff base compounds comprising a xanthene dye based moiety and an alkyl imidazole moiety. Methods of assessing these fluorescent Schiff base compounds as fluorescent probes for metal ions in Cu.sup.2+ chemosensing applications, methods of preparing the fluorescent Schiff base compounds and methods of detecting Cu.sup.2+ ions with the same are also provided.