The invention provides a novel class of cyanine dyes that are functionalized with a linker moiety that facilitates their conjugation to other species and substituent groups which increase the water-solubility, and optimize the optical properties of the dyes. Also provided are conjugates of the dyes, methods of using the dyes and their conjugates and kits including the dyes and their conjugates.

Provided is a coloring composition with which a film capable of allowing transmission of infrared light in a state where noise generated from visible light is small can be formed. In addition, also provided are a film, a color filter, a pattern forming method, a method for manufacturing a color filter, a solid image pickup element, and an infrared sensor in which the coloring composition is used. The coloring composition includes a coloring material that shields light in a visible range; and an infrared absorber. It is preferable that the coloring material that shields light in the visible range includes two or more chromatic colorants and that a combination of the two or more chromatic colorants forms black. Alternatively, it is preferable that the coloring material that shields light in the visible range includes an organic black colorant. It is preferable that the organic black colorant is at least one selected from the group consisting of a perylene compound and a bisbenzofuranone compound.

To provide an infrared cut filter having a wide view angle and excellent infrared shieldability, a kit for manufacturing the infrared cut filter, and a solid-state imaging device. An infrared cut filter has: a copper-containing transparent layer 1. The copper-containing transparent layer 1 further contains an infrared absorbing agent, or an infrared absorbing agent-containing layer 2 is further provided.

Infrared dyes having an infrared absorption maximum above 1130 nm with minor colouration in the visual spectrum. The infrared dyes are especially useful for producing multicolour laser marked security documents having reduced background coloration and enhanced colour gamut.

The problem of the present invention is to overcome drawbacks of conventional optical filters such as near-infrared cut filters and to provide an optical filter which generates little scatted light even during light absorption and has excellent transmittance property. The optical filter of the present invention is characterized by containing a squarylium-based compound and a compound which absorbs or quenches fluorescence of the squarylium-based compound. The optical filter of the present invention preferably contains a near-infrared absorbing dye containing a squarylium compound (A) and at least one compound (B) selected from the group consisting of a phthalocyanine-based compound (B-1) and a cyanine-based compound (B-2).

The problem of the present invention is to overcome drawbacks of conventional optical filters such as near-infrared cut filters and to provide an optical filter which generates little scatted light even during light absorption and has excellent transmittance property. The optical filter of the present invention is characterized by containing a squarylium-based compound and a compound which absorbs or quenches fluorescence of the squarylium-based compound. The optical filter of the present invention preferably contains a near-infrared absorbing dye containing a squarylium compound (A) and at least one compound (B) selected from the group consisting of a phthalocyanine-based compound (B-1) and a cyanine-based compound (B-2).

In various embodiments, the present invention provides fluorescent dyes that are linked to another species through an adaptor moiety. In an exemplary embodiment, the dye is linked to a polyphosphate nucleic acid through an adaptor. An adaptor can be a component of a linker. These conjugates find use in single molecule DNA sequencing and other applications. In various embodiments, the dye moiety is a cyanine dye. Cyanine dyes that are highly charged, such as those including multiple sulfonate, alkylsulfonate, carboxylate and/or alkylcarboxylate moieties are examples of cyanine dyes of use in the compounds of the invention.

An oxadiazole dye for use as an organic photosensitizer. The oxadiazole dye comprising donor--spacer-acceptor type molecules in which at least one of an oxadiazole group acts as a -conjugated bridge (spacer), a naphthyl unit acts as an electron-donating unit, a carboxyl group act as an electron acceptor group, and a cyano group acts as an anchor group. An optional thiophene group acts as part of the -conjugated bridge (spacer). The dye for use as organic photosensitizers in a dye-sensitized solar cell. The dye for use in photodynamic therapies. Computational DFT and time dependent DFT (TD-DFT) modeling techniques showing Light Harvesting Efficiency (LHE), Free Energy for Electron Injection (G.sup.inject), Excitation Energies, and Frontier Molecular Orbitals (FMOs) indicate that the series of dye comprise a more negative G.sup.inject and a higher LHE value; resulting in a higher incident photon to current efficiency (IPCE).

The invention provides a novel class of scaffold-based labeled polymerase enzyme substrates. The polymerase enzyme substrates have a multivalent core or scaffold to which is attached fluorescent dye moieties and nucleoside phosphate moities. The polymerase enzyme substrates have multiple fluorescent dye moities and/or multiple nucleoside phosphate moieties. Preferred multivalent cores comprise trifunctional six membered aromatic moities. The invention also provides for sequencing methods and kits with scaffold-based labeled polymerase enzyme substrates.

The invention provides a novel class of cyanine dyes that are functionalized with sulfonic acid groups and a linker moiety that facilitates their conjugation to other species and substituent groups which increase the water-solubility, and optimize the optical properties of the dyes. Also provided are conjugates of the dyes, methods of using the dyes and their conjugates and kits including the dyes and their conjugates.