The present invention provides a composition having excellent development residue suppressibility. Moreover, also provided are a cured film, a color filter, a light shielding film, an optical element, a solid-state imaging element, a headlight unit, modified silica particles, and a method for producing modified silica particles. The composition according to the embodiment of the present invention contains modified silica particles and a polymerizable compound, in which the modified silica particles each contain a silica particle and a coating layer coating the silica particle, and the coating layer contains a polymer containing a repeating unit represented by General Formula (1).

##STR00001##

An oil-in-water type emulsion is characterized in that a fumed silica particle group in which lower order aggregates are aggregated with each other to form a higher order aggregate by a non-chemical bond forms a network-like surrounding structure including an oil inside the network-like surrounding structure.

A silica-blended resin varnish contains a silica sol with a high dispersibility that is dispersed in a ketone organic solvent, in a nitrogen atom-containing polymer. The particles have an average size of 5 to 100 nm and have a carbon-carbon unsaturated bond-containing organic group and an alkoxy group bonded to surfaces thereof. The carbon-carbon unsaturated bond-containing organic group is bonded at 0.5 to 2.0 groups per unit area (nm.sup.2) of the particle surfaces. The alkoxy group is bonded at 0.1 to 2.0 groups per unit area (nm.sup.2) of the particle surfaces. The molar ratio of {(the carbon-carbon unsaturated bond-containing organic group)/(the alkoxy group)} is 0.5 to 5.0. The carbon-carbon unsaturated bond-containing organic group may be a phenyl group-containing organic group or a (meth)acryloyl group-containing organic group. An insulating resin composition contains the silica sol and a nitrogen-containing polymer, which may be polyimide, polyamide, polyamic acid, polyamide-imide, polyetherimide, or polyesterimide.

Provided are a nanocomposite body, a method of manufacturing the nanocomposite body, and a nanocomposite film including the nanocomposite body. The nanocomposite body includes: inorganic particles; a polymer matrix; and grafting polymer chains each of which includes a polyol structure, wherein the inorganic particles and the polymer matrix are linked by the grafting polymer chains.

The object of the present invention is to provide silica particles which can provide a silica particle dispersion exhibiting excellent uniformity. The present invention is silica particles having an average primary particle diameter d.sub.BET calculated from a specific surface area by a BET method of 1 nm or more and 100 nm or less and a ratio (d.sub.DLS/d.sub.BET) of an average secondary particle diameter d.sub.DLS measured by a dynamic light scattering method to the d.sub.BET of 1.2 or less. The silica particles of the present invention preferably have a coefficient of variation in a particle diameter measured using a transmission electron microscope at a magnification of 200,000 of 20% or less.

Disclosed a method of preparing composite particles comprising a non-porous spherical particulate inorganic material deposited on a plate-like inorganic material, where refractive index of said particulate inorganic material is greater than that of said plate-like inorganic particulate material, wherein, said spherical material occupies 20 to 80% of total surface area of said plate-like material and wherein the amount of said spherical material accounts for 2 to 20 wt % of said composite particles, further wherein said plate-like inorganic material is mica and said non-porous spherical particulate inorganic material is silicone dioxide, said method comprising the steps of: (iv) silanization of said plate-like inorganic material to get a silanized material having functional groups “A”; (v) silanization of said non-porous spherical particulate inorganic material to get a silanized material having functional groups “B”, where A≠B; and where said “A” and said “B” are capable of reacting with each other such that by way of their reaction, said non-porous spherical particulate inorganic material deposits on said plate-like inorganic material; and, (vi) reacting said silanized material having functional groups “A” with said silanized material having functional groups “B”.

Described herein is a method of using solid particles having a surface functionalized with a terminal cyclocarbonate group to neutralize an odor from ammonia and primary or secondary amines. Also described herein are perfuming compositions and perfuming consumer products that include malodor neutralizers.

The present invention provides organofunctional siloxane coupling agents, dipodal siloxanes, siloxane block copolymers and a specific method for preparing these organofunctional siloxanes through an addition reaction of hydrido alkoxysilane and organofunctional disiloxanes to an organocyclosiloxane with a catalyst. The addition reaction of the current invention does not result in polymerization and therefore the novel siloxane couplings agents are free of cyclosiloxanes and polymeric siloxanes. This makes them apt for adhesives, coatings and sealant applications. The present invention also relates to the use of these organofunctional siloxane compounds for the treatment of fillers and surfaces.

Disclosed in certain embodiments are hybrid metal oxide particles and methods of preparing the same. In at least one embodiment, hybrid metal oxide particles comprise a continuous matrix of a first metal oxide having embedded therein an array of metal oxide particles comprising a second metal oxide. In at least one embodiment, the hybrid metal oxide particles are substantially non-porous.

A composite polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) preservative film, a preparation method and an application thereof are provided. The film includes PVA of 9-12 parts, modified silicon dioxide nanoparticles of 2-5 parts, antimicrobial of 0.3-2 parts and deionized water of 100 parts. Fruits and vegetables sensitive to sunlight have lower requirements for illumination while preserving. With PVA as matrix and silicon dioxide (SiO.sub.2) nanoparticles as modified materials, composite PVA is obtained by controlling a particle size of SiO.sub.2 and modifying its surface. The composite PVA preservative film takes advantages of different refractive indexes between PVA and SiO.sub.2 and controlling the particle size of SiO.sub.2, thereby having a low luminous transmittance. The preservative film has an effect of light-proof on fruits and vegetables suitable for light-proof storage, and improves its gas transmission and water resistance because of adding SiO.sub.2, thereby facilitating packaging preservation of the fruits and vegetables.