A carbon black is disclosed which can exert excellent abrasion resistance while suppressing heat generation when incorporated into a rubber composition. A carbon black in which the total number of active sites represented by a product of a full width at half maximum of a Raman scattering peak appearing in a range of 1340 to 1360 cm.sup.?1 when an excitation wavelength is 532 nm and a specific surface area when nitrogen gas is adsorbed is 3.60?10.sup.4 to 8.20?10.sup.4 (cm.sup.?1.Math.m.sup.2/g), and when a nuclear magnetic resonance signal of a spin-spin relaxation process observed by a solid echo method is represented by a sum of a first signal and a second signal having a time constant larger than that of the first signal, an amount of hydrogen represented by a signal intensity per unit mass at time 0 of the first signal is 50.0 to 250.0 (/g).

A carbon black is disclosed which can exert excellent abrasion resistance while suppressing heat generation when incorporated into a rubber composition. A carbon black in which the total number of active sites represented by a product of a full width at half maximum of a Raman scattering peak appearing in a range of 1340 to 1360 cm.sup.?1 when an excitation wavelength is 532 nm and a specific surface area when nitrogen gas is adsorbed is 3.60?10.sup.4 to 8.20?10.sup.4 (cm.sup.?1.Math.m.sup.2/g), and when a nuclear magnetic resonance signal of a spin-spin relaxation process observed by a solid echo method is represented by a sum of a first signal and a second signal having a time constant larger than that of the first signal, an amount of hydrogen represented by a signal intensity per unit mass at time 0 of the first signal is 50.0 to 250.0 (/g).

The present invention relates to a reactor as well as a method for manufacturing carbon black. Particularly, the present invention relates to a reactor as well as a method for better mixing fuel and oxygen-containing gases to obtain homogeneous hot combustion gases. A swirling element is used to provide swirled oxygen-containing gas or swirled fuel that is mixed with either combustion fuel or oxygen-containing gas. A homogeneous combustion mixture can be obtained so that it is possible to increase the yield of carbon black and the productivity of the carbon black reactor. The obtained carbon black has highly uniform characteristics.

The present invention relates to a reactor as well as a method for manufacturing carbon black. Particularly, the present invention relates to a reactor as well as a method for better mixing fuel and oxygen-containing gases to obtain homogeneous hot combustion gases. A swirling element is used to provide swirled oxygen-containing gas or swirled fuel that is mixed with either combustion fuel or oxygen-containing gas. A homogeneous combustion mixture can be obtained so that it is possible to increase the yield of carbon black and the productivity of the carbon black reactor. The obtained carbon black has highly uniform characteristics.

Carbon blacks such as reinforcing-grade carbon blacks with high structure are described. The carbon black can have the following properties: a statistical thickness surface area (STSA) ranging from 80 m.sup.2/g to 150 m.sup.2/g, an oil absorption number (OAN) of at least 180 mL/100 g, and a crushed oil absorption number (COAN) of at least 110 mL/100 g. Rubber compounds which incorporate the carbon black also are described.

An industrial production plant including at least one reactor for producing a flue gas and including a heat exchanger system having a first heat exchanger section for heat exchange between the flue gas and a fluid and a second heat exchanger section for heat exchange between the flue gas and reaction air for the reactor, which can be preheated by the second heat exchanger section. The first heat exchanger section is configured as a double-tube heat exchanger with first tubes each arranged one-way in a respective first jacket tube, and the second heat exchanger section is configured as a tube bundle heat exchanger with a tube bundle of second tubes arranged in a second jacket tube and each arranged one-way in the jacket tube.

An industrial production plant including at least one reactor for producing a flue gas and including a heat exchanger system having a first heat exchanger section for heat exchange between the flue gas and a fluid and a second heat exchanger section for heat exchange between the flue gas and reaction air for the reactor, which can be preheated by the second heat exchanger section. The first heat exchanger section is configured as a double-tube heat exchanger with first tubes each arranged one-way in a respective first jacket tube, and the second heat exchanger section is configured as a tube bundle heat exchanger with a tube bundle of second tubes arranged in a second jacket tube and each arranged one-way in the jacket tube.

Disclosed herein inkjet ink compositions comprising: (a) a carbon black having the following properties: OAN170 mL/100 g; and STSA ranging from 160 to 220 m.sup.2/g; (b) at least one polymeric dispersant selected from polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene block copolymers, styrene-acrylic resins, styrene-methacrylic resins, styrene-maleic acid copolymers, and styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers; (c) at least one surfactant selected from ethoxylated siloxanes, succinic acid esters, and succinic acid salts; and (d) at least one polyurethane.

Disclosed herein inkjet ink compositions comprising: (a) a carbon black having the following properties: OAN170 mL/100 g; and STSA ranging from 160 to 220 m.sup.2/g; (b) at least one polymeric dispersant selected from polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene block copolymers, styrene-acrylic resins, styrene-methacrylic resins, styrene-maleic acid copolymers, and styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers; (c) at least one surfactant selected from ethoxylated siloxanes, succinic acid esters, and succinic acid salts; and (d) at least one polyurethane.

A carbon black product comprises aggregates of carbon black characterized as having an OAN of between 139 and 149 ml/100 g, a COAN of between 95 and 105 ml/100 g, an iodine adsorption number I.sub.2 No of between 52 and 62 mg/g, and a multipoint nitrogen adsorption N.sub.2SA of between 54 and 64 m.sup.2/g. Tires manufactured with the carbon black product exhibit low rolling resistance and low heat build-up under service conditions.