Provided herein are compositions including polymeric binder, for example polydopamine (PDA); a poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PDMA) polymer or a PDMA co-N-(3-Aminopropyl) Methacrylamide (APMA) polymer, and an antimicrobial peptide (AMP), methods for using the compositions to coat a substrate, and methods for making the compositions. Alternatively, the composition may include a polymeric binder or a salt thereof, high molecular weight polymer and a pharmaceutically active agent. In particular, the substrate may form part of an apparatus on which it would be beneficial to limit biofouling and/or protein binding.

Described herein are articles coated with one or more polyelectrolyte complexes. The polyelectrolyte complexes have a high glass transition temperature when the coating is contacted with an aqueous medium. In one aspect, the coating has a glass transition temperature of at least 45? C. when in contact with an aqueous medium, which makes the coatings described herein as glassy. The coating compositions described herein are effective in reducing adhesion of organisms on the surface of the coated article, which makes the coatings an effective antifouling coating.

A composite structure is provided, which includes a support, an active layer wrapping the support, a dendrimer grafted to the active layer through covalent bondings, and a plurality of anti-fouling groups, wherein each of the anti-fouling groups is grafted to terminals of the dendrimer through covalent bondings. The terminals of the dendrimer include amino group, hydroxyl group, or thiol group.

Systems, methods and apparatuses are provided for the reduction of hydrodynamic frictional drag. These systems, methods and apparatuses can include a vessel surface having an external layer and a plurality of dimples, wherein the external layer comprises a hydrophilic material, and wherein each of the dimples includes an inner surface having a superhydrophobic coating. The dimples can be configured to maintain an air-water interface as one or more fluids flow over the vessel surface. In some embodiments, a pressure reservoir can be coupled with the dimples, and can include an acoustic speaker to vibrate the air-water interface.

A composite gel in one aspect of the present disclosure comprises a substance prepared by gelling a raw material composition that comprises, as main components, a hydroxyl group-containing organic polymer compound and one of a hydroxyl group-containing inorganic compound and an inorganic oxide. A method for manufacturing the composite gel in one aspect of the present disclosure comprises a first process of gelling a raw material composition that comprises, as main components, a hydroxyl group-containing organic polymer compound and at least one of a hydroxyl group-containing inorganic compound or an inorganic oxide; and a second process of drying and subsequently pulverizing a resulting product in the first process to thereby obtain a composite gel fine powder.

An article has a surface topography for resisting bioadhesion of organisms and includes a base article having a surface. A composition of the surface includes a polymer. The surface has a topography comprising a pattern defined by a plurality of spaced apart features attached to or projected into the base article. The plurality of features each have at least one microscale dimension and at least one neighboring feature having a substantially different geometry, wherein neighboring patterns share a common feature. The surface has an optical transmission at 400 nm to 700 nm of equal to or greater than 70%. In one embodiment, the surface can comprise a coating layer disposed on the base article.

The invention is directed to curable polyurethane coating compositions which may be used to form fouling release coatings, e.g., for use in protecting boat hulls. The curable polyurethane coating compositions of the invention comprise (a) a prepolymer made by reacting at least one polyisocyanate with (i) at least one monocarbinol-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane), (ii) at least one methoxy-terminated poly(ethylene glycol), or (iii) mixtures thereof, (b) at least one polyol, and (c) at least one polyisocyanate crosslinker. The invention also relates to the prepolymer used in the curable coating compositions. The invention further relates to methods for reducing or preventing biofouling of a surface exposed to an aqueous environment comprising the steps of coating the surface with a curable coating composition of the invention to form a coated surface, and curing the coating coating composition on the coated surface.

The present invention provides a stain-proof coating composition including silica fine particles (A), a nonionic surfactant (B), and a nonionic surfactant (C), wherein the nonionic surfactant (B) is at least one kind of nonionic surfactant (B) selected from the group consisting of an acetylenediol-based surfactant (b-1) and a polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether-based surfactant (b-2), the nonionic surfactant (C) is at least one kind of nonionic surfactant (C) selected from the group consisting of a vinyl-based polymeric surfactant (c-1) and a polyoxyalkylene fatty acid ester-based surfactant (c-2).

A silicon-containing polymer is represented by the general formula: (I) wherein A, Q, Z, x, and y are as defined in the specification, and I is iodine. Group Q includes a hydrolyzable silane group and group A is fluorinated. A method of making the silicon-containing polymer is also disclosed.

A multi-layer or single layer antifouling coating system. A multi-layer coating system comprises (a) a base coating for coating a substrate, and (b) an antifouling coating composition adapted to be disposed over the base coating, the antifouling coating composition comprising a hydroxyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane, a curable polyether-containing silane of the Formula (1):
(R.sup.1O).sub.a(R.sup.1).sub.(3-a)SiR.sup.2(Si(R.sup.1).sub.2O).sub.pSi(R.sup.1).sub.2R.sup.2O(CH.sub.2CHR.sup.1O).sub.qR.sup.1(1)
where a is 1-3; R.sup.1 is H or alkyl radical from C.sub.1-C.sub.10; R2 is alkylene from C.sub.2-C.sub.10; p is 1-100; and q is 1-50. The base coating composition can comprise an epoxy modified adhesion promoter. A single layer coating composition comprises a compound of Formula (4):
(R.sup.1O).sub.a(R.sup.1).sub.3-aSi-M-(Si(R.sup.1).sub.2O).sub.r(Si(R.sup.1)(O.sub.1/2)(O)).sub.t(Si(X)(O.sub.1/2)(O)).sub.vSi(R.sup.1).sub.2-M-Si(OR.sup.1).sub.a(R.sup.1).sub.3-a(4)
where R.sup.1 is H or an alkyl radical M is R.sup.2 or oxygen; r is 0-1000; t is 1 to 20; v is 0 to 20; X is R.sup.2(N(R.sup.1).sub.1-b(Y).sub.bR.sup.2).sub.cN(R.sup.1).sub.2-b(Y).sub.b; b is 0-2; c is 0-5; Y is R.sup.1 or an organic radical with an epoxide at one terminal; and R.sup.2 is an alkylene from C.sub.2-C.sub.10, with the proviso that at least one Y is an organic radical with an epoxide at one terminal. The respective compositions are such that the antifouling coating composition sufficiently adheres to the base coating composition without the need for a tie coat layer.