A water-based ink for ink-jet recording includes: a resin-dispersed pigment; a humectant including a humectant component of which vapor pressure at 20° C. is not less than 0.02 hPa; resin fine particles; a surfactant; and water. A mass ratio of the humectant component in the humectant is not less than 75%; and a surface tension of the water-based ink is not more than 33 mN/m. The water-based ink satisfies the following conditions (A) and (B), condition (A): 1.3<H/(P+R)<3 condition (B): 1≤R/P. In the conditions (A) and (B): H: a content amount (% by mass) of the humectant in the wafer-based ink, P: a solid content amount (% by mass) of the resin-dispersed pigment in the water-based ink, and R: a content amount (% by mass) of the resin fine particles in the water-based ink.

A water-based ink for ink-jet recording includes: a resin-dispersed pigment; a humectant including a humectant component of which vapor pressure at 20° C. is not less than 0.02 hPa; resin fine particles; a surfactant; and water. A mass ratio of the humectant component in the humectant is not less than 75%; and a surface tension of the water-based ink is not more than 33 mN/m. The water-based ink satisfies the following conditions (A) and (B), condition (A): 1.3<H/(P+R)<3 condition (B): 1≤R/P. In the conditions (A) and (B): H: a content amount (% by mass) of the humectant in the wafer-based ink, P: a solid content amount (% by mass) of the resin-dispersed pigment in the water-based ink, and R: a content amount (% by mass) of the resin fine particles in the water-based ink.

An example thermal inkjet dye sublimation ink consists of a disperse dye colorant dispersion, glycerol, 1,2-hexanediol, optionally a water soluble or water miscible organic solvent, optionally an additive, and a balance of water. The disperse dye colorant dispersion is present in an amount ranging from about 1 wt % actives to about 7 wt % actives based on a total weight of the ink. Glycerol is present in an amount ranging from about 5 wt % to about 30 wt % based on the total weight of the ink. 1,2-hexanediol is present in an amount ranging from about 2 wt % to about 25 wt %, and the optional water soluble or water miscible organic solvent present in an amount up to about 7 wt %, each based on the total weight of the ink. The optional additive is selected from the group consisting of a surfactant, a chelating agent, a buffer, a biocide, and combinations thereof.

An example thermal inkjet dye sublimation ink consists of a disperse dye colorant dispersion, glycerol, 1,2-hexanediol, optionally a water soluble or water miscible organic solvent, optionally an additive, and a balance of water. The disperse dye colorant dispersion is present in an amount ranging from about 1 wt % actives to about 7 wt % actives based on a total weight of the ink. Glycerol is present in an amount ranging from about 5 wt % to about 30 wt % based on the total weight of the ink. 1,2-hexanediol is present in an amount ranging from about 2 wt % to about 25 wt %, and the optional water soluble or water miscible organic solvent present in an amount up to about 7 wt %, each based on the total weight of the ink. The optional additive is selected from the group consisting of a surfactant, a chelating agent, a buffer, a biocide, and combinations thereof.

The present disclosure relates to a pH-sensitive variable-color ink composition, and a pH-sensitive indicator label and packaging material using same. The pH-sensitive variable-color ink composition includes: a pH-sensitive indicator prepared by mixing a plurality of pH variable-color dyes of which colors change according to a pH range; dissolving ink which is stirred along with the pH-sensitive indicator and capable of dissolving the pH-sensitive indicator; and an adsorption compound which is stirred along with the dissolving ink and capable of adsorbing gas, and the pH-sensitive label and packaging material using the pH-sensitive variable-color ink composition use the pH-sensitive variable-color ink composition.

The present disclosure describes multi-fluid kits for three-dimensional printing, materials kits for three-dimensional printing, and methods of making three-dimensional printed articles. In one example, a multi-fluid kit for three-dimensional printing can include a fusing agent and a pore-promoting agent. The fusing agent can include water and a radiation absorber. The radiation absorber can absorb radiation energy and convert the radiation energy to heat. The pore-promoting agent can include water and a water-soluble pore-promoting compound. The pore-promoting compound can chemically react at an elevated temperature to generate a gas.

The present disclosure describes multi-fluid kits for three-dimensional printing, materials kits for three-dimensional printing, and methods of making three-dimensional printed articles. In one example, a multi-fluid kit for three-dimensional printing can include a fusing agent and a pore-promoting agent. The fusing agent can include water and a radiation absorber. The radiation absorber can absorb radiation energy and convert the radiation energy to heat. The pore-promoting agent can include water and a water-soluble pore-promoting compound. The pore-promoting compound can chemically react at an elevated temperature to generate a gas.

An ink contains a coloring material, a water-soluble organic solvent, water, an acetylene-based compound having an HLB of from 8 to 13, and a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 or Chemical Formula 2,

##STR00001## where m represents an integer of from 1 to 4,

##STR00002## where R.sup.1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, aralkyl group having 7 or 8 carbon atoms, or ally group, 1 represents 0 or an integer of from 1 to 7, and n represents an integer of from 20 to 200.

An ink contains a coloring material, a water-soluble organic solvent, water, an acetylene-based compound having an HLB of from 8 to 13, and a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 or Chemical Formula 2,

##STR00001## where m represents an integer of from 1 to 4,

##STR00002## where R.sup.1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, aralkyl group having 7 or 8 carbon atoms, or ally group, 1 represents 0 or an integer of from 1 to 7, and n represents an integer of from 20 to 200.

There is provided an ink discharging apparatus including: a conveyor, a head, and a heater. The water-based ink for recording includes: a resin-dispersed pigment, resin fine particles of which glass transition temperature is not less than 33° C., water, and an organic solvent including a specific organic solvent of which saturation vapor pressure at 20° C. is not less than 0.03 hPa. The ink discharging apparatus satisfies the following condition (I): 6≤(β/α)×WO 1000≤31. In the condition (I), α(° C.) is the glass transition temperature of the resin fine particles, and β (J/cm.sup.2) is an irradiation energy, radiated from the heater, per unit area of the recording medium.