There is provided an ink discharging apparatus including: a conveyor, a head, and a heater. The water-based ink for recording includes: a resin-dispersed pigment, resin fine particles of which glass transition temperature is not less than 33° C., water, and an organic solvent including a specific organic solvent of which saturation vapor pressure at 20° C. is not less than 0.03 hPa. The ink discharging apparatus satisfies the following condition (I): 6≤(β/α)×WO 1000≤31. In the condition (I), α(° C.) is the glass transition temperature of the resin fine particles, and β (J/cm.sup.2) is an irradiation energy, radiated from the heater, per unit area of the recording medium.

Aqueous particle-free fluids can be used in inkjet printing methods including continuous inkjet printing processes. Each of these fluids has a dynamic viscosity of less than or equal to 5 centipoise (5 mPa-sec) at 25° C., and each consists essentially of: a composition consisting of one or more compounds represented by the following Structure (I):
HO—CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—R   (I)
wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted phenoxy group, in a total amount of at least 0.5 weight % and up to and including 2 weight %, based on the total weight of the aqueous inkjet ink composition. Such aqueous particle-free fluids can be used as replenishment or printhead maintenance fluids. Two or more of such aqueous particle-free fluids can be packaged, sold, and use as part of fluid sets.

Aqueous particle-free fluids can be used in inkjet printing methods including continuous inkjet printing processes. Each of these fluids has a dynamic viscosity of less than or equal to 5 centipoise (5 mPa-sec) at 25° C., and each consists essentially of: a composition consisting of one or more compounds represented by the following Structure (I):
HO—CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2—R   (I)
wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted phenoxy group, in a total amount of at least 0.5 weight % and up to and including 2 weight %, based on the total weight of the aqueous inkjet ink composition. Such aqueous particle-free fluids can be used as replenishment or printhead maintenance fluids. Two or more of such aqueous particle-free fluids can be packaged, sold, and use as part of fluid sets.

Described herein are depolymerized polystyrene resins derived from polystyrene source resins. The depolymerized polystyrene resins undergo a depolymerization in which chemical bonds are cleaved, producing depolymerized polystyrene resins of lower molecular weight. The polystyrene resins may be modified by chemical reaction with monomers, polymers, and oligomers, such as acrylates thereof. Also described are ink and coating compositions that include the depolymerized and modified polystyrene resins.

Described herein are depolymerized polystyrene resins derived from polystyrene source resins. The depolymerized polystyrene resins undergo a depolymerization in which chemical bonds are cleaved, producing depolymerized polystyrene resins of lower molecular weight. The polystyrene resins may be modified by chemical reaction with monomers, polymers, and oligomers, such as acrylates thereof. Also described are ink and coating compositions that include the depolymerized and modified polystyrene resins.

An ink includes a solvent, and light-emitting elements dispersed in the solvent, each of the light-emitting elements comprising semiconductor layers and an insulating film partially surrounding outer surfaces of the semiconductor layers, wherein the solvent has Hansen solubility parameters of a polarity parameter between about 4 and about 9 and a hydrogen bonding parameter between about 6 and about 11.

An ink includes a solvent, and light-emitting elements dispersed in the solvent, each of the light-emitting elements comprising semiconductor layers and an insulating film partially surrounding outer surfaces of the semiconductor layers, wherein the solvent has Hansen solubility parameters of a polarity parameter between about 4 and about 9 and a hydrogen bonding parameter between about 6 and about 11.

A glass plate coated with an impact protection film layer is made by coating an impact protection film layer onto a surface of the glass plate. The impact protection film layer is made of a phenyl-containing macromolecular polymer, which has a monomer carbon chain length of between C6 and C18. The coated glass plate is shock-cushioning and impact-proof, and is thereby protected against damage caused by impact from an external force.

A glass plate coated with an impact protection film layer is made by coating an impact protection film layer onto a surface of the glass plate. The impact protection film layer is made of a phenyl-containing macromolecular polymer, which has a monomer carbon chain length of between C6 and C18. The coated glass plate is shock-cushioning and impact-proof, and is thereby protected against damage caused by impact from an external force.

A fuel cell system component ink includes a fuel cell system component powder, a solvent including propylene carbonate (PC), and a binder including polypropylene carbonate (PPC).