To provide a proton conductive material which has high proton conductivity even under no humidification and does not elute into water. A proton conductive material comprising a proton-source-polymer and a proton-channel-polymer, wherein at least one selected from the group consisting of the proton-source-polymer and the proton-channel-polymer is a polymer containing an aromatic ring, and wherein at least a part of the polymer containing the aromatic ring has a stacked structure formed by n-n interactions, and a proton conductive material comprising a proton-source-crosslinked-polymer, wherein the proton-source-crosslinked-polymer is a polymer having a main skeleton which contains a proton source group and an aromatic ring, and a crosslinked structure which contains a proton channel, and wherein at least a part of the proton-source-crosslinked-polymer has a stacked structure formed by n-n interactions.

A process is provided for the polymerization of fluoromonomer to an dispersion of fluoropolymer particles in an aqueous medium in a polymerization reactor, by (a) providing the aqueous medium in the reactor, (b) adding the fluoromonomer to the reactor, (c) adding initiator to the aqueous medium, the combination of steps (b) and (c) being carried out essentially free of hydrocarbon-containing surfactant and resulting in the kickoff of the polymerization of the fluoromonomer, and (d) metering hydrocarbon-containing surfactant into the aqueous medium after the kickoff of polymerization, e.g. after the concentration of the fluoropolymer in the aqueous medium is at least 0.6 wt %, the metering being at a rate reducing the telogenic activity of said surfactant while maintaining surface activity.

A process is provided for the polymerization of fluoromonomer to an dispersion of fluoropolymer particles in an aqueous medium in a polymerization reactor, by (a) providing the aqueous medium in the reactor, (b) adding the fluoromonomer to the reactor, (c) adding initiator to the aqueous medium, the combination of steps (b) and (c) being carried out essentially free of hydrocarbon-containing surfactant and resulting in the kickoff of the polymerization of the fluoromonomer, and (d) metering hydrocarbon-containing surfactant into the aqueous medium after the kickoff of polymerization, e.g. after the concentration of the fluoropolymer in the aqueous medium is at least 0.6 wt %, the metering being at a rate reducing the telogenic activity of said surfactant while maintaining surface activity.

A medical appliance or prosthesis may comprise one or more layers of rotational spun nanofibers, including rotational spun polymers. The rotational spun material may comprise layers including layers of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Rotational spun nanofiber mats of certain porosities may permit tissue ingrowth into or attachment to the prosthesis. Additionally, one or more cuffs may be configured to allow tissue ingrowth to anchor the prosthesis.

A medical appliance or prosthesis may comprise one or more layers of rotational spun nanofibers, including rotational spun polymers. The rotational spun material may comprise layers including layers of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Rotational spun nanofiber mats of certain porosities may permit tissue ingrowth into or attachment to the prosthesis. Additionally, one or more cuffs may be configured to allow tissue ingrowth to anchor the prosthesis.

A liquid composition that can provide a film having excellent antifogging performance and weather resistance. The liquid composition contains nanocomposite particles. The nanocomposite particles contain metal particles and a perfluorocarbon sulfonic acid resin or a sulfonic acid salt resin thereof. The perfluorocarbon sulfonic acid resin has an equivalent weight of 550 to 800. The nanocomposite particles have an average particle size of 15 to 100 nm.

A liquid composition that can provide a film having excellent antifogging performance and weather resistance. The liquid composition contains nanocomposite particles. The nanocomposite particles contain metal particles and a perfluorocarbon sulfonic acid resin or a sulfonic acid salt resin thereof. The perfluorocarbon sulfonic acid resin has an equivalent weight of 550 to 800. The nanocomposite particles have an average particle size of 15 to 100 nm.

A method of increasing the lubricity of an extrusion component, the method comprising: functionalizing a surface of a wall of an extrusion body with PDA material to form a PDA treated surface; coating the PDA treated surface with a lubricious material; and heat treating the wall of the extrusion body for a time and a temperature sufficient to cause the lubricious material to adhere to the PDA material, and for the PDA material to adhere to the wall; wherein the surface of the wall is optionally oxidized prior to the functionalizing. Also an extrusion component comprising: an extrusion body comprising an inlet face and an outlet face, the body comprising a base structure comprising an internal wall defining at least a portion of an extrusion pathway from the inlet face to the outlet face, wherein at least part of the internal wall comprises a lubricious coating that defines at least part of the extrusion pathway.

A method of increasing the lubricity of an extrusion component, the method comprising: functionalizing a surface of a wall of an extrusion body with PDA material to form a PDA treated surface; coating the PDA treated surface with a lubricious material; and heat treating the wall of the extrusion body for a time and a temperature sufficient to cause the lubricious material to adhere to the PDA material, and for the PDA material to adhere to the wall; wherein the surface of the wall is optionally oxidized prior to the functionalizing. Also an extrusion component comprising: an extrusion body comprising an inlet face and an outlet face, the body comprising a base structure comprising an internal wall defining at least a portion of an extrusion pathway from the inlet face to the outlet face, wherein at least part of the internal wall comprises a lubricious coating that defines at least part of the extrusion pathway.

A method of increasing the lubricity of an extrusion component, the method comprising: functionalizing a surface of a wall of an extrusion body with PDA material to form a PDA treated surface; coating the PDA treated surface with a lubricious material; and heat treating the wall of the extrusion body for a time and a temperature sufficient to cause the lubricious material to adhere to the PDA material, and for the PDA material to adhere to the wall; wherein the surface of the wall is optionally oxidized prior to the functionalizing. Also an extrusion component comprising: an extrusion body comprising an inlet face and an outlet face, the body comprising a base structure comprising an internal wall defining at least a portion of an extrusion pathway from the inlet face to the outlet face, wherein at least part of the internal wall comprises a lubricious coating that defines at least part of the extrusion pathway.