The present invention provides for a composition comprising a pigment, wherein the composition is suitable for coating a surface that is, or is expected to be, exposed to the sun. The pigment comprises particles that fluoresce in sunlight, thereby remaining cooler in the sun than coatings pigmented with non-fluorescent particles. The particles comprise solids that fluoresce or glow in the visible or near infrared (NIR) spectra, or that fluoresce when doped. Suitable dopants include, but are not limited to, ions of rare earths and transition metals.

A method of synthesis of two-dimensional (2D) nanoparticles comprises combining a first nanoparticle precursor and a second nanoparticle precursor in one or more solvents to form a solution, followed by heating the solution to a first temperature for a first time period, then subsequently heating the solution to a second temperature for a second time period, wherein the second temperature is higher than the first temperature, to effect the conversion of the nanoparticle precursors into 2D nanoparticles. In one embodiment, the first nanoparticle precursor is a metal-amine complex and the second nanoparticle precursor is a slow-releasing chalcogen source.

The present invention generally relates to composition and methods for upconverting light. In some embodiments, the composition and methods comprise an organic material, a nanocrystal, and a ligand capable of facilitating energy transfer between the nanocrystal and the organic material. In certain embodiments, the nanocrystal has a first excited energy state with an energy greater than a triplet state of the organic material. The organic material, in some embodiments, may be aromatic and/or include one or more pi-conjugated carbon-carbon double bonds. In some cases, incident light may be absorbed by the nanocrystal to produce triplet excitons. The triplet excitons may then transfer from the nanocrystal to the organic material and undergo triplet-triplet annihilation, creating a singlet state of approximately twice the energy of the triplet exciton. In certain embodiments, the singlet state fluoresces, resulting in the formation of a high energy photon.

A composite particle that includes: a fluorescent semiconductor core/shell nanoparticle (preferably, nanocrystal); and a malonic acid derivative attached to the core/shell nanoparticle outer surface, wherein the malonic acid derivative (prior to attachment to the nanoparticle) has the following Formula (I): wherein: R.sup.1 is a linear or branched alkyl group having 8 or more carbon atoms, or a linear or branched alkylene group having 8 or more carbon atoms (wherein it is understood that CR.sup.1 is a single or double bond); R.sup.2 is H or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 or more carbon atoms; and x is 0 (resulting in CR.sup.1) or 1 (resulting in CR.sup.1); and wherein the malonic acid derivative is liquid at room temperature (prior to attachment to the nanoparticle). ##STR00001##

A composition including a plurality of quantum dots; a binder polymer; a thiol compound having at least two thiol groups; a polyvalent metal compound; a polymerizable monomer having a carbon-carbon double bond; a photoinitiator; and a solvent.

A cadmium free quantum dot includes zinc, tellurium, and selenium, and lithium. A full width at half maximum of a maximum luminescent peak of the cadmium free quantum dot is less than or equal to about 50 nanometers and the cadmium free quantum dot has a quantum efficiency of greater than 1%.

Novel Mn.sup.2+-doped quantum dots are provided. These Mn.sup.2+-doped quantum dots exhibit excellent temperature sensitivity in both organic solvents and water-based solutions. Methods of preparing the Mn.sup.2+-doped quantum dots are provided. The Mn.sup.2+-doped quantum dots may be prepared via a stepwise procedure using air-stable and inexpensive chemicals. The use of air-stable chemicals can significantly reduce the cost of synthesis, chemical storage, and the risk associated with handling flammable chemicals. Methods of temperature sensing using Mn.sup.2+-doped quantum dots are provided. The stepwise procedure provides the ability to tune the temperature-sensing properties to satisfy specific needs for temperature sensing applications. Water solubility may be achieved by passivating the Mn.sup.2+-doped quantum dots, allowing the Mn.sup.2+-doped quantum dots to probe the fluctuations of local temperature in biological environments.

The method for preparing water-dispersible core-shell quantum dots stabilized with a layer of hydrophilic surface ligands includes making a core of PbS nanocrystals, and obtaining the shell of CdS layer and the surface ligands of dithiocarbamates obtained by reacting amino acids with carbon disulphide, while maintaining the photoluminescence. The emulsion formed of an aqueous solution of amino acid and carbon disulphide includes adding a solution of PbS/CdS in chloroform (CHCl.sub.3). Then, the contents are stirred vigorously for at least 20 hours, then the phases are separated. The upper, aqueous phase, being a solution of PbS/CdS/DTC-amino acid residue, is subjected to purification. The present invention is also colloid and a method for preparing colloid.

A quantum dot light emitting diode, including a first electrode and a second electrode, a quantum dot light emitting layer disposed between the two electrodes, including at least a red quantum dot, a green quantum dot and a blue quantum dot, and a black matrix at least disposed among the red quantum dot, the green quantum dot and the blue quantum dot; one of the first electrode and the second electrode that is located on a light exiting side is at least a transparent electrode. With the quantum dot light emitting diode, a full-color display can be realized, and the aperture ratio of pixels can be effectively enhanced. There are further disclosed a manufacturing method of the quantum dot light emitting diode and a display device.

A method for producing a quantum dot including crystalline nanoparticle fluorescent material, wherein, using a first precursor solution and a second precursor solution containing different elements each other, the second precursor solution is sprayed as an aerosol on the heated first precursor solution, or both the first precursor solution and the second precursor solution are sprayed on a heated solvent as aerosols, and the first precursor solution and the second precursor solution are reacted with each other to synthesize a core particle containing the different elements. The method for producing quantum dots, can suppress the non-uniformity of the particle size of the quantum dots and accompany increase in the distribution of emission wavelengths in large scale synthesis.